Suppose we define the Alzheimer’s disease phenotype as being diagnosed with the disease by age 75 years. In the human population, there are three alleles of the ApoE gene: ε2, ε3, ε4. They form an allelic series such that: 70% of 75 year olds with the ε4/ ε4 genotype have the Alzheimer’s phenotype 60% of 75 year olds with the ε3/ ε4 genotype have the Alzheimer’s phenotype 40% of 75 year olds with the ε3/ ε3 genotype have the Alzheimer’s phenotype 30% of 75 year olds with the ε2/ ε4 genotype have the Alzheimer’s phenotype 10% of 75 year olds with the ε2/ ε3 genotype have the Alzheimer’s phenotype If I have the ε4/ ε4 genotype and my wife has the ε2/ ε3 genotype, what is the probability that our child will have Alzheimer’s by age 75. Explain your reasoning

Suppose we define the Alzheimer’s disease phenotype as being diagnosed with the disease by age 75 years. In the human population, there are three alleles of the ApoE gene: ε2, ε3, ε4. They form an allelic series such that: 70% of 75 year olds with the ε4/ ε4 genotype have the Alzheimer’s phenotype 60% of 75 year olds with the ε3/ ε4 genotype have the Alzheimer’s phenotype 40% of 75 year olds with the ε3/ ε3 genotype have the Alzheimer’s phenotype 30% of 75 year olds with the ε2/ ε4 genotype have the Alzheimer’s phenotype 10% of 75 year olds with the ε2/ ε3 genotype have the Alzheimer’s phenotype If I have the ε4/ ε4 genotype and my wife has the ε2/ ε3 genotype, what is the probability that our child will have Alzheimer’s by age 75. Explain your reasoning

Human Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305112100

Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan

Chapter20: Chromosomes And Human Genetics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 6CT: About 4 percent of people of Northern European descent have a cystic fibrosis allele, but only about...

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Suppose we define the Alzheimer’s disease phenotype as being diagnosed with the disease by age 75 years. In the human population, there are three alleles of the ApoE gene: ε2, ε3, ε4. They form an allelic series such that: 70% of 75 year olds with the ε4/ ε4 genotype have the Alzheimer’s phenotype 60% of 75 year olds with the ε3/ ε4 genotype have the Alzheimer’s phenotype 40% of 75 year olds with the ε3/ ε3 genotype have the Alzheimer’s phenotype 30% of 75 year olds with the ε2/ ε4 genotype have the Alzheimer’s phenotype 10% of 75 year olds with the ε2/ ε3 genotype have the Alzheimer’s phenotype If I have the ε4/ ε4 genotype and my wife has the ε2/ ε3 genotype, what is the probability that our child will have Alzheimer’s by age 75. Explain your reasoning. [Can be answered in less than 75 words]
A woman diagnosed with early-onset Alzheimer's due to a mutation of the APP genehas children with a man that has no family history of familial Alzheimer's. Give the probability of each possible genotype with corresponding phenotype. (The woman has two possible allele combinations. You must show both possibilities)
Alzheimer’s is a progressive neurological disorder resulting in dementia and memory loss that occurs in 10% of the US population older than 65. In the 1990s, several researchers showed evidence that the allele of a cholesterol precursor gene, APO E4, increased risk of developing the disorder compared to APO E2 or APO E3. This was especially pronounced if patients carried two alleles of APO E4. However, not all people with APO E4 develop the disorder and some without it will present with Alzheimer's nevertheless. This suggests other genes influence development of the disease. Current research has elucidated dozens of genes that interact with APO E4 pathways in hundreds of ways. As many as 27 of the interactions are epistatic, with some as dominant epistasis and some as recessive epistasis. In addition, some of the gene candidates for non-APO E4 Alzheimer’s have other relationships such as dominant, codominant or incomplete dominant. No reliable cure currently exists for Alzheimer’s…
Alzheimer’s is a progressive neurological disorder resulting in dementia and memory loss that occurs in 10% of the US population older than 65. In the 1990s, several researchers showed evidence that the allele of a cholesterol precursor gene, APO E4, increased risk of developing the disorder compared to APO E2 or APO E3. This was especially pronounced if patients carried two alleles of APO E4. However, not all people with APO E4 develop the disorder and some without it will present with Alzheimer's nevertheless. This suggests other genes influence development of the disease. Current research has elucidated dozens of genes that interact with APO E4 pathways in hundreds of ways. As many as 27 of the interactions are epistatic, with some as dominant epistasis and some as recessive epistasis. In addition, some of the gene candidates for non-APO E4 Alzheimer’s have other relationships such as dominant, codominant or incomplete dominant. No reliable cure currently exists for Alzheimer’s…
Huntington's disease is a very rare, debilitating disease that affects approximately 1 in 10,000 people. The disease is caused by a particular type of genetic mutation (large number of CAG repeats) in a gene called huntingtin (HTT). Designate the disease-causing allele HTTP and the non-disease- causing allele HTTN. We know that individuals with genotype HTTN will not develop Huntington's Disease, but people with either HTTD/HTTP or HTTN/HTTD will develop the disease. Which allele is dominant--HTTN or HTTP? Explain your reasoning thoroughly, using the correct definition of dominance.
One particularly useful feature of the Hardy-Weinberg equation is that it allows us to estimate the frequency of heterozygotes for recessive genetic diseases, assuming that Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium exists. As an example, let’s consider cystic fibrosis, which is a human genetic disease involving a gene that encodes a chloride transporter. Persons with this disorder have an irregularity in salt and water balance. One of the symptoms is thick mucus in the lungs that can contribute to repeated lung infections. In populations of Northern European descent, the frequency of affected individuals is approximately 1 in 2500. Because this is a recessive disorder, affected individuals are homozygotes. Assuming that the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of individuals who are heterozygous carriers?
In humans, four different blood types (A, B, AB, and O) are encoded by three alleles 1, 1, and i Individuals with both I and I alleles have blood type AB (red blood cells with both A and B antigens). Two copies of the i allele are required for an individual to have blood type O (red blood cells with no antigens). Which of the following correctly indicates the relationship between the I and / alleles for the blood type gene? Select one: OA. I is dominant to / OB. I is recessive to i OC. I and I are co-dominant OD. I and/exemplify incomplete dominance
APOE gene has been found to be a major contributor to sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD), by acting as an age-of-onset modifier for the common relatively late-onset forms of the disease. Among four alleles causing early onset of AD, the epsilon4 allele (APOE4) disrupts this function. If you generate transgenic monkeys in which the normal allele of APOE gene is knocked out, what phenotype will you expect for those knockout monkeys? A. The APE mRNA expression will be completely suppressed. B. They slow down the development of AD. C. They develop AD early. D. They don't show any AD symptom.
Marfan syndrome is a disease caused by a rare dominant allele of the fibrillin-1 gene. Fibrillin-1 is an important component of the extracellular matrix, and people with the disease-causing allele have abnormal connective tissue. An affected mother (Marta) and an unaffected father (Joe) have one unaffected daughter (Luisa - she does not exhibit any traits of the syndrome). If Luisa has a child with Nico (unaffected), what is the probability that her child will inherit Marfan syndrome? Select one: a. 50% b. 25% c. 100% d. 0% e. 75%
The most common CF mutation is AF508; it accounts for approximately 70% of all mutant CFTR alleles worldwide. For a couple of northern European origin, what is their risk for having an affected child if each tests negative for AF508? If one tests positive and the other tests negative for AF508?
In Figure 20-5, note that the difference in survival rates between AS and AA genotypes declines as children get older. Offer one possible explanation for this observation
Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by two copies of a mutated CFTR gene. If one in 100 (hypothetical scenario, not reality) people in the United States have cystic fibrosis, calculate the p and q frequency for the normal allele (p) and the mutated allele (q). Based on those calculations, what percentage of individuals would be expected to be homozygous dominant?