Several experiments were conducted to obtain information about how the eukaryotic ribosome recognizes the AUG start codon. In one experiment, the gene that encodes methionine initiator tRNA (tRNAiMet) was located and changed; specifically, the nucleotides that specify the anticodon on tRNAiMet were mutated so that the anticodon in the tRNA was 5′ –CCA–3′ instead of 5′ –CAU–3′. When this mutated gene was placed in a eukaryotic cell, protein synthesis took place, but the proteins produced were abnormal. Some of these proteins contained extra amino acids, and others contained fewer amino acids than normal. Q. If the same experiment had been conducted on bacterial cells, what results would you expect?

This sequence given is of one strand of eukaryotic DNA containing a hypothetical gene. The base that is first (at the 5' end) in the sequence is at position -25. The translational start site is the first initiating codon encountered after the transcriptional start. This gene has three exons. The last base of the first exon is the A at position +30; the first base of the second exon is the C at position +62; the last base of the second exon is the A at position +82; the first base of the third exon is the G at position +118; and the last base of the third exon is for you to determine. Determine, and show, the sequence of the polypeptide produced by this gene in this format: Met-Thr-Trp-Tyr-Val etc.  5'-TATATACGTC CTATCGATGC ATCGTGTACG TAGCTAGGGG ATGCATGAAG TCACAGTAGC TAGCTATGGC TGATCGATCG TTGTGGCTTA AATATTGCGC TGGACTAGGA AAAGCTCGCA GGTACCCGAT CGATCCCGTG GAGTTCCAAG TTAGGATCTA CTTTAGCTAG TTTTAGCGGA ATAAAGATCG ATTATAGCTG AGAGATAAGC GTGGGTTGAT GATCGTAGCT AGCTAGCTAG CTAGCATCGA-3'

A certain amber suppressor inserts glutamine in response to the amber codon. What is the most likely change in the anticodon of a tRNAGln that created this suppressor strain?

Several experiments were conducted to obtain information about how the eukaryotic ribosomerecognizes the AUG start codon. In one experiment, the gene that encodes the methionine initiatortRNA (tRNA,Met) was identified and changed. Specifically, the nucleotides that specify the anticodonon the tRNA,Met were mutated so that the anticodon in the tRNA was 5'-CCA-3'. When thismutated gene was introduced into a eukaryotic cell protein synthesis occurred, but the proteinsproduced were abnormal. Some of these proteins contained extra amino acids and others containedfewer amino acids than normal. a.) What is the normal anticodon for tRNA,Met? Show how this normal anticodon would interact with the codon for methionine in the mRNA. b.) What codon does the mutant anticodon bind? What amino acid is incorporated into the polypeptide chain? Show the interaction between the mutant anticodon and the amino acid codon and finally, What do the results described above indicate about how the ribosome…