public class Selection { public static void sort(Comparable[] a) int N = a.length; for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) { int min = i; for (int j = i+1; j < N; j++) if (less(a[j], a[min])) min = j; exch(a, i, min); } }

JAVA Language:  Transpose Rotate.  Question:  Modify Transpose.encode() so that it uses a rotation instead of a reversal. That is, a word like “hello” should be encoded as “ohell” with a rotation of one character. (Hint: use a loop to append the letters into a new string)         import java.util.*;            public class TestTranspose {        public static void main(String[] args) {          String plain = "this is the secret message";   // Here's the message           Transpose transpose = new Transpose();          String secret = transpose.encrypt(plain);          System.out.println("\n ********* Transpose Cipher Encryption *********");          System.out.println("PlainText: " + plain);    // Display the results          System.out.println("Encrypted: " + secret);          System.out.println("Decrypted: " + transpose.decrypt(secret));// Decrypt        }      }            abstract class Cipher {        public String encrypt(String s) {          StringBuffer result = new…

int sum, k, i, j; int x[4] [4]={1,2,3,4}, {5,6,7,8},{9,8,7,3},{2, 1,7,1}; sum=x[0] [0]; for (k=1; k<=3;k++) sum+=x[k] [k]; Give the value in sum after the statements are executed:

import java.util.* ; public class Averager {     public static void main(String[] args)     {     //a two dimensional array     int[][] a = {{5, 9, 3, 2, 14}, {77, 44, 22, 15, 99},                  {14, 2, 3, 9, 5}, {88, 15, 17, 121, 33}} ;     System.out.printf("Average = %.2f\n", average(a)) ;     System.out.println("EXPECTED:") ;     System.out.println("Average = 29.85") ;     System.out.printf("Average of evens = %.2f\n", averageEvens(a)) ;     System.out.println("EXPECTED:") ;     System.out.println("Average of evens = 26.57") ;     Random random = new Random(1) ;     a = new int[100][1] ;     for (int i = 0 ; i < 100 ; i++)         a[i][0] = random.nextInt(1000) ;     System.out.println("For an array of random values in range 0 to 999:") ;     System.out.printf("Average = %.2f\n", average(a)) ;     System.out.printf("Average of evens = %.2f\n", averageEvens(a)) ;     }     /**        Find the average of all elements of a two-dimensional array        @param aa the two…