Prokaryote Eukaryote Circular genome Linear genome Nucleoid III = E E = = A cell type that lacks a nuclear membrane and comprises the Domains Bacteria and Archaea. A process where a bacterium is able to take up foreign DNA from its surrounding environment through a semi-permeable cell wall. Characteristic shape of a prokaryote's chromosome(s). A process where a donor bacterium passes genetic information horizontally to a recipient bacterium. A cell type that has a nuclear membrane nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Open in Reading V

Prokaryote Eukaryote Circular genome Linear genome Nucleoid III = E E = = A cell type that lacks a nuclear membrane and comprises the Domains Bacteria and Archaea. A process where a bacterium is able to take up foreign DNA from its surrounding environment through a semi-permeable cell wall. Characteristic shape of a prokaryote's chromosome(s). A process where a donor bacterium passes genetic information horizontally to a recipient bacterium. A cell type that has a nuclear membrane nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Open in Reading V

Biology 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172517

Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Publisher:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Chapter20: Phylogenies And The History Of Life

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 13RQ: Particles that transfer genetic material from one species to another, especially in marine...

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The unicellular, rod-shaped bacterium E. coli is~2 μm long and 0.8 μm wide, and has a genomeconsisting of a single 4.6 Mb circular DNA molecule. The unicellular archaean Methanosarcinaacetivorans is spherical (coccus-shaped) with adiameter of 3 μm and has a 5.7 Mb circular genome.The unicellular eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiaeis roughly spherical, with a diameter of 5–10 μm.It has a haploid genome of 12 Mb divided among16 linear chromosomes. Given these descriptions,how could you determine whether a new, uncharacterized microorganism was a bacterium, an archaean,or a eukaryote?
Using your knowledge of DNA recombination events to complete this; Describe how bacterial cells acquire the ability to produce toxins (Use the following terminology in your answer: recombination, DNA, horizontal gene transfer, conjugation, transformation, transduction, pilus, F factor, transposable elements, transposons, pathogenicity islands)
Endogenote Exogenote Mating bridge Sex pilus Mating bridge HEYROBIOL MUURMAN III IIII III III A tube connecting an F+ to an F- bacterium during HGT that single-stranded DNA can be passed through. The DNA naturally occurring inside a host cell. Connection between a donor bacterium and a recipient that a single strand of DNA is passed through. Attaches to a recipient bacterium to stabilize it during horizontal gene transfer. A single strand of foreign DNA.
Match the statement with the correct term Statement- -A group of HFr bacteria is mixed with a group of F– bacteria. After several days, the F- bacteria contain part of the Hfr chromosome -The uptake of DNA into a bacterium from its environment -Requires the presence of a plasmid -uses bacteriophage to provide new genetic information Terms- -transduction -conjugation -translation -transformation -transposition
The transfer of DNA from one bacterium to another through a sex pilus is termed ___________? Question options: translation transcription conjugation transduction apoptosis transformation Following conjugation between two F- individuals, the DNA recipient _________. Question options: remains F- becomes F' evolves into a new species becomes Hfr becomes F+ nothing; an F- cell cannot conjugate with another F- cell
Refer to the following illustration to answer the question_ The illustration shows: O a lysogenic phage O a lytic phage new DNA O replicative transposition sequence non-replicative transposition O site-specific recombination
Reverse transcriptase assembles an ________ on an _______ template. a. mRNA; DNA c. DNA; ribosome b. cDNA; mRNA d. protein; mRNA
What Art the Features of the Series of -omes? Define the following terms: a. Genome b. Transcriptome c. Proteome d. Metabolome e. Fluxome
Particles that transfer genetic material from one species to another, especially in marine prokaryotes horizontal gene transfer lateral gene transfer genome fusion device gene transfer agents
Prokaryotes contain a ______ chromosome, and eukaryotes contain ________ chromosomes. a. single-stranded circular; single-stranded linear b. single-stranded linear: single-stranded circular c. double-stranded circular; double-stranded linear d. double-stranded linear; double-stranded circular
Here are some key traits that distinguish the three domains of life (some of which are from the table on IB chapter 3.2). Consider the tree below showing the relationship of the three domains. 7 Characteristics J Nuclear envelope Organelles Peptidoglycan in cell wall Membrane lipids RNA polymerase Ribosome Initiator amino acid for protein synthesis Introns in genes Histones associated with DNA Circular chromosome Operons Plasmids Bacterial Archaea 1 2 Bacteria LUCA No No (rare) Yes Unbranched hydrocarbons Ester linked Version 1 70S Formyl- methionine Very rare Reproduction Response to antibiotics streptomycin and chloramphenicol Response to diptheria toxin Think through how you would map all of these characteristics onto this tree. No Yes Yes Yes Binary fission Sensitive Not sensitive 5 a) Which characters might fall at location 1? No No No Some branched c) Which characters would fall at location 3? Domain Archaea hydrocarbons. Ether linked Version 2 (1 copy) 70S Methionine Present in…
How can i explain my answers in depth in microbology for example this question: Assume that there are horizontal gene transfers between two completely different bacterial species. In one case it is a plasmid that is transferred via conjugation, in the other case it is a part of the bacterial chromosome that is transferred via transformation. In which of the two cases is it most likely that the transferred DNA will remain and be able to function in the recipient cells? Explain the biological background to your answer . How do I break down the question so I answer it fully