FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING
FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781259964947
Author: Libby
Publisher: MCG
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## Inventory Accounting Problem

### PROBLEM 1

Norris Company uses the perpetual inventory system and had the following purchases and sales during March.

| Price/Unit | | Purchases | | | Sales | |
| :-- | :-- | :-- | :-- | :-- | :-- | :-- |
| Date | | Units | Unit Cost | | Units | Selling Price |
| 3/1 | Beginning inventory | 100 | $40 | | | |
| 3/3 | Purchase | 60 | $50 | | | |
| 3/4 | Sales | | | | 70 | $80 |
| 3/10 | Purchase | 200 | $55 | | | |
| 3/16 | Sales | | | | 80 | $90 |
| 3/19 | Purchase | 40 | $60 | | | |
| 3/25 | Sales | | | | 120 | $90 |

### Instructions:

Using the inventory and sales data above, calculate the value assigned to the cost of goods sold in March and to the ending inventory at March 31 using:
(a) FIFO (First-In, First-Out)
(b) LIFO (Last-In, First-Out)

### Explanation of Inventory Accounting Methods:

#### FIFO (First-In, First-Out):
Under the FIFO method, the oldest inventory items are recorded as sold first. This method assumes that items are sold in the same order that they are added to the inventory. Therefore, the costs associated with the earliest items are used in the cost of goods sold calculation.

#### LIFO (Last-In, First-Out):
Under the LIFO method, the most recently purchased inventory items are recorded as sold first. This method assumes that items are sold in the reverse order that they were added to the inventory. Therefore, the costs associated with the most recent items are used in the cost of goods sold calculation.

### Steps to Solve:
1. Calculate the cost of goods sold (COGS) for each sale transaction based on FIFO and LIFO.
2. Determine the ending inventory value at March 31 using FIFO and LIFO.

**Note:** It is crucial to account for each transaction and how it affects the inventory and cost of goods sold based on the chosen method (FIFO or LIFO).
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Transcribed Image Text:## Inventory Accounting Problem ### PROBLEM 1 Norris Company uses the perpetual inventory system and had the following purchases and sales during March. | Price/Unit | | Purchases | | | Sales | | | :-- | :-- | :-- | :-- | :-- | :-- | :-- | | Date | | Units | Unit Cost | | Units | Selling Price | | 3/1 | Beginning inventory | 100 | $40 | | | | | 3/3 | Purchase | 60 | $50 | | | | | 3/4 | Sales | | | | 70 | $80 | | 3/10 | Purchase | 200 | $55 | | | | | 3/16 | Sales | | | | 80 | $90 | | 3/19 | Purchase | 40 | $60 | | | | | 3/25 | Sales | | | | 120 | $90 | ### Instructions: Using the inventory and sales data above, calculate the value assigned to the cost of goods sold in March and to the ending inventory at March 31 using: (a) FIFO (First-In, First-Out) (b) LIFO (Last-In, First-Out) ### Explanation of Inventory Accounting Methods: #### FIFO (First-In, First-Out): Under the FIFO method, the oldest inventory items are recorded as sold first. This method assumes that items are sold in the same order that they are added to the inventory. Therefore, the costs associated with the earliest items are used in the cost of goods sold calculation. #### LIFO (Last-In, First-Out): Under the LIFO method, the most recently purchased inventory items are recorded as sold first. This method assumes that items are sold in the reverse order that they were added to the inventory. Therefore, the costs associated with the most recent items are used in the cost of goods sold calculation. ### Steps to Solve: 1. Calculate the cost of goods sold (COGS) for each sale transaction based on FIFO and LIFO. 2. Determine the ending inventory value at March 31 using FIFO and LIFO. **Note:** It is crucial to account for each transaction and how it affects the inventory and cost of goods sold based on the chosen method (FIFO or LIFO).
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