Nicotinic ACh receptor (LGIC) involve the movement of what ion across the membrane? Group of answer choices A.Na+ B.K+ C.Ca++ D.Cl- E.Mg++

The endogenous ligand for an ion channel causes the influx of 50 Na+ ions per second. This ion channel has constitutive activity of 10 Na+ ions per second. If drug A binds to the ion channel and causes the influx of 50 Na+ ions per second, which of the following categories best describes drug A? Group of answer choices full agonist antagonist partial agonist inverse agonist

Which ligand-gated channel directly allows for the passage of both sodium and potassium across the cell membrane when the proper ligand is bound to it? Group of answer choices Voltage-gated sodium channel Na+/K+ ATPase nicotinic acetylcholine receptor muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 1 answer

compare small molecule neurotransmitters to neuropeptides Select one: a. neuropeptides are synthesized as large peptide molecules that are cleaved to form smaller peptides; neurotransmitters are modified amino acids     b. neuropeptides bind to metabotropic receptors; neurotransmitters bind to ionotropic or metabotropic receptors   c. neuropeptides are slower to replenish in the axon terminal  than neurotransmitters   d. all of these are valid comparisons   e. neuropeptides are released by cells that express the peptide gene; neurotransmitters are released by cells that express the synthetic enzymes required to convert amino acid precursors

At a normal NMJ, action potentials in the skeletal muscle cell can be blocked directly by? A. Curare, which inhibits nicotinic receptors. B. Atropine, which inhibits muscarinic receptors. C. Physostigmine, which inhibits ACHE. D. AP5, which inhibits NMDA receptors. E. Pentobarbital, which enhances the function of GABA on GABAA receptors.

Match the neurotransmitter to its description on the right. (1) biogenic amine A. short chains of amino acids (2) acetylcholine B. a modified amino acid (3) neuropeptide C. an amino acid(4) GABA D. stimulates skeletal muscle contraction

The endogenous ligand for an ion channel causes the influx of 50 Na+ ions per second. This ion channel has constitutive activity of 10 Na+ ions per second. If drug A binds to the ion channel and causes the influx of 50 Na+ ions per second, which of the following categories best describes drug A? Group of answer choices full agonist antagonist partial agonist inverse agonist

Fill in the diagram, your illustration should demonstrate for each phase of the AP: 1. The relative concentration of K and Na 2. The relative voltage across the membrane 3. Any movement across the membrane of K and NA 4. The three kinds of channels in the membrane, and their state (open or closed) 5. Finally, indicate on the graph of the AP which phases correspond to hyper- polarization and which phases correspond to de- polarization Outside Outside Inside Inside Outside Inside Outside 1 Outside Inside Inside

The function of monoamine oxidase is to     a. convert norepinephrine into epinephrine     b. speed up the digestion of cheese within the gut     c. degrade catecholamines and serotonin into inactive forms     d. convert dopamine into norepinephrine     The detection of table salt (sodium chloride; NaCl) occurs by which receptor mechanism     a. Closing of potassium channels     b. Opening of calcium channels     c. Diffusion of sodium ions into the cell through sodium channels     d. Activation of a sodium-sensitive G protein-coupled receptor

Under what conditions could the opening of a chloride channel actually depolarize a neuron rather than hyperpolarize it? i. The neuron is resting at -75 mV ii. The extracellular chloride concentration is lower than the intracellular chloride concentration iii. The neuron is close to its threshold of -55 mV O a. i only O b. ii only O c. i and ii only O d. ii and iii only O e. i, ii, and i O f. None of these