Neuromuscular Junction: -Activation of nicotinic ACh receptors in the motor end plate results in both Na+ influx into and K+ efflux from the muscle fiber - An action potential in a motor neuron always produces a graded depolarization in the motor endplate and an action potential in the sarcolemma. -Acetylcholine released from the motor presynaptic terminal binds to voltage-gated ACh receptors in the motor endplate. -all of the above -a and b are right

Rachel is out playing in the dirt and cuts herself, unbeknownest to her a bacteria enters her system and moves retrogradely through the peripheral nerves to enter the central nervous system. Once there its toxins begin to interfere with the release of the neurotransmitter Glycine from the upper motor neurons of the direct motor pathway. this would lead to Group of answer choices spastic paralysis and atrophy of muscle tissue flaccid paralysis and atrophy of muscle tissue spastic paralysis and maintaining or increasing muscle tissue flaccid paralysis and maintaining or increasing muscle tissue not enough information is given to determine the correct response

One tretment for myasthenia gravis is a medication that blocks the activity of acetylcholinesterase. Why is this a successful treatment?

When an action potential arrives at the neuromuscular junction, acetylcholine is released into the synaptic cleft and binds to receptors in the postsynaptic membrane. Which of the following represents the correct order of the next series of events?   A. An action potential travels down the T tubules, depolarization spreads through the T tubules, Ca2+ is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, and myosin binds to actin.   B. Ca2+ is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, an action potential travels down the T tubules, depolarization spreads through the T tubules, and myosin binds to actin.   C. An action potential travels down the T tubules, depolarization spreads through the T tubules, Ca2+ is taken up by the sarcoplasmic reticulum, and myosin binds to actin.   D. T tubules are depolarized, Ca2+ is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, an action potential is created in the muscle cell, and myosin bonds to actin.   E. An action potential travels…

A biologist finds that a post-neuron responds to a pre-neuron’s AP in a mammal through a cell membrane pathway involving INTRACELLUAR Ca2+ RELEASE. Define what type of synapse this is and the specific possible mechanism (details!) about how binding the neurotransmitter on the post membrane causes this type of calcium release.

Give Explanation Solution (no need Handwritten)

Caffeine is known to alter transmembrane movement of calcium. What are two possible sites in the nerve and/or muscle that caffeine can act upon?

please identify one feature (resting membrane potential, the voltage at a particular point of the action potential, the types of ions moving through voltage-gated channels...) of a neuronal action potential or skeletal muscle sarcomere contraction, and relate it to the action potential or contraction of an SA node cardiocyte or a non-SA node cardiocyte ("regular" cardiocyte).  Identify whether this feature is similar to the cardiocyte or different.