'metabolic rate supplements". What are the three dominant themes?

PTP1B Substrate kcat Km. kcat/Km UM 10-7 x (s-1 M) DADEPYLIPQQG DADAPYLIPQQG DAAEP YLIPQQG AAAAPYLIPQQG 44.6 + 1.8 39.8 + 0.32 3.9 + 0.9 13.7 + 0.46 1.1 + 0.25 0.29 + 0.01 35.3 + 0.22 6.6 + 0.22 0.53 + 0.02 34.7 + 0.25 52.7 + 0.7 0.066 + 0.001 ) The units for kcat/KM in the above are given according to standard scientific notation. On this (d) ( basis what is the value of this kinetic parameter for the DADEPYLIPQQG substrate?

Compare and contrast biochemical pathways. Describe the chemistry of the last three steps of the TCA. Describe the chemistry of the first three steps of β-oxidation. Explain how these pathways are similar and how they differ in terms of their chemistry, the involvement of coenzymes and the fate of the electrons. Describe the two connections between the urea cycle and the citric acid cycle

How do non-competitive inhibitors affect KM and Vmax? (explain with details)  Feedback inhibition typically impedes the activity of the enzyme that catalyzes the first committed step of a metabolic pathway, rather than an enzyme that catalyzes a later step in the pathway. Why is this adaptive?

Cytosol Mitochondrion A. PATHWAY 1. major pathway of ethanol metabolism NAD* NADH + H* NAD* NADH + H* in the liver CH,-CH,-OH ADH + CH,-C=O CH;-C-OH + H-O-H ALDH ETHANOL ACETALDEHYDE АСЕТАТЕ WATER B. PATHWAY 2 microsomal ethanol CYP2E1 oxidizing system (MEOS) NADPH + H* + O2 NADP* + 2H,O Excess alcohol consumption increases the NADH:NAD* ratio in the cytosol of hepatocytes.

Briefly explain why fat oxidation improves with aerobic training.  How would this affect a persons cross-over point?