Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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- Answer question 37arrow_forwardLabel the molecules in this figure showing how IP3 and DAG function as second messengers. Note: not all labels are used. IP3 and calcium activating protein kinase C Activated phospholipase C DAG triggering calcium release Activated G-protein with GTR bound Siy IP3 triggering calcium release Phosphatidyl inositol Ligand bound to receptor DAG and calcium activating protein kinase C Activated G-protein with GDP bound Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. TH ,,arrow_forwardA ligand binds to the extracellular portion of a receptor. Another ligand binds to an identical half of the same receptor. When this happens, the two halves come together and the intracellular portion adds phosphates from ATP to tyrosine amino acids it the receptor structure. This passage describes what kind of receptor? Select one: a. A G-protein coupled receptor b. A receptor tyrosine kinase c. A receptor tyrosine phosphatase d. A ligand-gated kinase channelarrow_forward
- A hormone epinephrine binds to G-protein coupled receptor and activate multiple signaling pathways to induce "fight- or-flight" response. In these signaling pathways, which enzyme is responsible for the generation of IP3, a second messenger for calcium release from endoplasmic reticulum? O adenylyl cyclase O protein kinase C O protein kinase A O phospholipase C O calmodulinarrow_forwardDoes a given protein kinase, such as cAMP-dependent protein kinase, phosphorylate the same proteins in all cells in which the kinase is present?arrow_forwardDiscuss the family of nuclear hormone receptors and explain how ligand binding to such a receptor can result in changes in gene expressionarrow_forward
- (a) Predict the effect of a mutation that enhances the activity of the kinase associated with the PDH complex. (b) Predict the effect of a mutation that reduces the activity of the phosphatase associated with the PDH complex.arrow_forwardWhen a signal binds to the Tyrosine kinase receptor (RTK), you have studied that a list of events occur sequentially. Map the events in the correct order from 1st to the last step.arrow_forwardxytocin stimulates contraction of smooth muscles in the breast and uterine wall. The key step in muscle contraction is release of calcium from internal cell stores. With which type of receptor does oxytocin interact to cause muscle contraction? A. Gαi-coupled receptor B. Tyrosine kinase coupled receptor C. Cytokine type 1 receptor D. Ser/Thr kinase receptor E. Gαq-coupled receptorarrow_forward
- please help me with this problemarrow_forwardWhich of the following will bind (directly or indirectly) to the phosphate groups on a tyrosine kinase receptor? Ras-GEF Ran-GEF Rab-GEF Sar-GEF O Raf-GEFarrow_forwardWhich of the following steps amplify the epinephrine signal response in cells: receptor activation of G protein, G protein activation of adenylyl cyclase, cAMP activation of PKA, or PKA phosphorylation of glycogen phosphorylase kinase (GPK)? Which change will have a greater effect on signal amplification: an increase in the number of epinephrine receptors or an increase in the number of Gαs proteins?arrow_forward
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