Low insulin to glucagonratio is seen in all of these except :- A) glycogen synthesis B) glycogen breakdown C) gluconeogenesis D) ketogenesis
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Low insulin to glucagonratio is seen in all of these except :-
A) glycogen synthesis
B) glycogen breakdown
C) gluconeogenesis
D) ketogenesis
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- Insulin will tend to increase (More than one answer may be correct): A) gluconeogenesis B) glycogenolysis C) glycogenesis D) protein degradation E) lypolysisWhich of the following is the primary process by which insulin stimulates glucose transport into adipose tissue cells?A) Activating Na+-K+ ATPaseB) Increasing synthesis of the glucose transporterC) Phosphorylating glucose to maintain the gradient of free glucose across the cellD) Promoting movement of the glucose transporter from the cytoplasm to the cell membranePancreatic beta cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes is probably related in part to: a) Decreased advanced glycation end products b) Autoimmune destruction of the beta cells resulting in no insulin secretion c) Decreased beta cell mass d) Increased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion
- It is noticed that when a strain of mice exercises, their blood glucose drops to very low levels. Which of the following can explain this situation? a) These mice do not make enough insulin b) these mice lack insulin receptors on their cells c)these mice lack glucagon d) these mice cannot synthesize glycogen from glucoseAdministration of insulin decreases the blood concentration of ketone bodies in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis by which of the following mechanisms?A) Decreasing formation of ketone bodies in skeletal muscleB) Decreasing lipolysis in adipose tissueC) Increasing hepatic activity of carnitine acyltransferaseD) Increasing hepatic levels of acetyl CoAE) Increasing hepatic oxidation of ketone bodiesWhich of the following statements is true? a) High insulin/glucagon ratio activates lipolysis in muscle b) High insulin/glucagon ratio inhibits lipolysis in liver c) High insulin/glucagon d) Low insulin/glucagon ratio activates lipolysis in adipocytes ratio activates lipolysis in adipocytes
- The following is a typical underlying factor in obesity-induced inflammation a) Increased secretion of the adipokine adiponectin b) Higher lipolysis rate in hypertrophied adipocytes c) Increased insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue d) Conversion of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages to anti-inflammatory M2 macrophagesDuring the fed state, which of the following occur(s)? a) insulin stimulation of malonyl CoA formation b) allosteric inhibition of carnitine acyltransferase I c) both a and b d) neither a nor bVon Gierke’s disease is a rare genetic disorder that results in a deficiency of glucose-6-phosphatase. Symptoms ketoacidosis, a buildup of glycogen in the liver, and lactate buildup. Why does this glycogen storage disease not affect the brain? a) The brain is able to still perform glycolysis effectively b) None of the above c) In the event of hypoglycemia, the brain is able to utilize other sources of energy to produce ATP d) The brain is able to metabolize lactate, which is present in high concetrations.
- 15.18) Determine whether the following statements describe insulin, glucagon, or both insulin and glucagon. a) secreted by pancreas both insulin and glucagon b) released when blood glucose concentration is high insulin c) released when blood glucose concentration is low glucagon d) immediately increases the amount of glucose entering cells insulin e) is a hormone both insulin and glucagon f) lowers blood glucose concentration insulin g) not enough is produced by individuals with type-1 diabetes insulin h) stimulates glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis) glucagon EXPLANATION: When insulin binds to liver and muscle cell receptors, it triggers a series of events that result in the activation of an enzyme in the glycogenesis pathway and the inhibition of an enzyme in the glycogenolysis pathway. Glucagon has the opposite effect of insulin on liver cells; it accelerates glycogenolysis and suppresses glycogenesis causes a decrease in blood glucose levels • accelerated by insulin suppressed by…What is the role of counter-regulatory hormones in the regulation of blood glucose? Question 8 options: a) To inhibit glycogenolysis b) To inhibit hepatic glucose production c) To increase insulin sensitivity of peripheral tissues d) To enhance gluconeogenesisA) What is the difference between catabolic and anabolic reactions? B) How does insulin and glucagon affect the rate of glycogenesis, glycogenolysis, and glycolysis? Answer both please