Administration of insulin decreases the blood concentration of ketone bodies in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis by which of the following mechanisms? A) Decreasing formation of ketone bodies in skeletal muscle B) Decreasing lipolysis in adipose tissue C) Increasing hepatic activity of carnitine acyltransferase D) Increasing hepatic levels of acetyl CoA E) Increasing hepatic oxidation of ketone bodies

What is the reason that amino acid degradation spikes approximately 24 hours after starting a fast? (A) The brain adapts to using ketone bodies, and amino acids serve as the primary precursors for ketone bodies.(B) Red blood cells begin using amino acids to drive their citric acid cycle.(C) Amino acids are broken down and used to replenish glycogen. (D) The liver needs to make glucose for brain and RBCs, and amino acids provide the carbon skeleton for gluconeogenesis.(E) The ammonia released from amino acid breakdown is a substrate for b-oxidation, which increases during prolonged fasting.

All of the following are true with respect to alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, except:A. It inhibits intestinal alpha-glucosidase B. It decreases enzymatic conversion of oligo- to monosaccharidesC. It lowers postprandial glucoseD. It causes gastrointestinal disturbances.E. It may cause development of hypertension.

Which amino acids are exclusively ketogenic?

In the intestine, the triacylglycerols must be converted to fatty acids and glycerol by hydrolytic enzymes before transport into enterocytes. Afterward, fatty acids and glycerol are reconverted into triacylglycerols and then packaged into chylomicrons. Suggest why this energy-requiring process is used instead of a direct transport of triacylglycerols into enterocytes.

By which of the following mechanisms is soluble dietary fibre able to help reduce blood cholesterol levels? Question 78 options: a)  Decreasing transit time in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract b)  Blocking reabsorption of calcium in the GI tract c)  Binding cholesterol and bile acids in the GI tract d)  Inhibiting mineral absorption in the GI trct

Given the nutritional principle of bioavailability, which of the following food combinations would most effectively increase the absorption of non-heme iron?A) Spinach salad with lemon juice dressingB) Whole grain cereal with milkC) Coffee with a bean burritoD) Eggs with a side of whole grain toast

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has been linked to a sugary diet. Explain?

Select the enzymes that play a role in producing monosaccharides absorbed by SGLT1. Group of answer choices Pancreatic alpha-amylase Sucrase Maltase Isomaltase Lactase alpha-amylase beta-amylase Glucoamylase Pullulanase Endoglucanase Exoglucanase Cellobiase All of the above

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (unlike type 2 diabetes mellitus) is often discovered when a person suffers from the sudden occurrence of ketoacidosis. Why do the two diseases differ in this respect?