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- Define the term neuromodulators?Activation of which pathway leads to a disinhibition of the thalamus and increased cortical activation? Basal nuclei D Cortex I GABA - Glutamate - Dopamine Striatum C B GPe A GPi/SNr SNC STN GPI/SNr Thalamus O Both B and C O B O A E LK C Fn AltWhich types of patch clamp technique should be used if you want to determine if a particular compound is influencing synaptic transmission presynaptically or post synaptically?
- Explain IN DETAIL the processes of synaptic transmission and summation, including the roles of calcium ions, neurotransmitters, degradation enzymes, graded potentials, EPSPs and IPSPs, and various types of cellular connections (axoaxonal, axodendritic, axosomatic, etc.) Include a description of how temporal and spatial summation affect the outcome of the summation processDiscuss the mechanisms on how to stop the signal in synaptic transmission.Describe the major function of alpha–gamma coactivation?
- Given the steps shown below, which of the following is the correct sequence for transmission at a chemical synapse? 1. neurotransmitter binds with receptor 2. sodium ions rush into neuron's cytoplasm 3. action potential depolarizes the presynaptic membrane 4. ion channel opens to allow particular ion to enter cell 5. synaptic vesicles release neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft O 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 O 5, 1, 2, 4, 3 O 2, 3, 5, 4, 1 O4, 3, 1, 2, 5 O 3, 2, 5, 1, 4Describe the proteins involved in membrane fusion and neurotransmitter release that are located on the synaptic vesicle and the presynaptic membraneWhich of the following statements concerning synapses is FALSE? O A) Modulation of synaptic strength can be presynaptic of postsynaptic B) High frequency stimulation in the presynaptic neuron often leads to DECREASED neurotransmitter release O C) Modulation of synaptic strength can either be short term, lasting seconds, or long term, lasting as long as a lifetime. D) Agonists are drugs that mimic neurotransmitters and antagonists are drugs that block the action of neurotransmitters O E) Certain drugs prevent the reuptake of neurotransmitter from the synapse