1. In the simple picture below we are focusing on the chromosomes. Notice that thechromosomes are condensed and the nuclear membrane and spindles are not shown.a. Please label the following and indicate with arrow(s): sister chromatids, a pair ofhomologous chromosomes, a centromere.b. Label the part of diagram that indicates a double helical molecule of DNA andhighlight it with a thick line.c. How many molecules of DNA are shown in this picture?d.Is this cell haploid or diploid (circle one). How do you know?e.Below the diagram, indicate the ploidy (number of sets of information) and thenumber of chromosomesXn=ploidy(# of sets ofinformation)XXM# of2. The circle below represents the cell cycle.chromosomesa. Write the phases (G1, G2, M and S) in the appropriate sections.b. Which phase results in identical sister chromatids?c. In which phase do sister chromatids separate?

Chromosomes are thread-like structures which are visible during cell division. Cell division is a…

In the simple picture below we are focusing on the chromosomes. Notice that the chromosomes are condensed and the nuclear membrane and spindles are not shown. a. Please label the following and indicate with arrow(s): sister chromatids, a pair of homologous chromosomes, a centromere. b. Label the part of diagram that indicates a double helical molecule of DNA and highlight it with a thick line. c. d. How many molecules of DNA are shown in this picture? Is this cell haploid or diploid (circle one). How do you know? e. Below the diagram, indicate the ploidy (number of sets of information) and the number of chromosomes n= ploidy (# of sets of information) X M # of chromosomes The circle below represents the cell cycle. a. Write the phases (G1, G2, M and S) in the appropriate sections. b. Which phase results in identical sister chromatids? c. In which phase do sister chromatids separate?

In the simple picture below we are focusing on the chromosomes. Notice that the chromosomes are condensed and the nuclear membrane and spindles are not shown. a. Please label the following and indicate with arrow(s): sister chromatids, a pair of homologous chromosomes, a centromere. b. Label the part of diagram that indicates a double helical molecule of DNA and highlight it with a thick line. c. d. How many molecules of DNA are shown in this picture? Is this cell haploid or diploid (circle one). How do you know? e. Below the diagram, indicate the ploidy (number of sets of information) and the number of chromosomes n= ploidy (# of sets of information) X M # of chromosomes The circle below represents the cell cycle. a. Write the phases (G1, G2, M and S) in the appropriate sections. b. Which phase results in identical sister chromatids? c. In which phase do sister chromatids separate?

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter10: Cell Division And Mitosis

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1ITD: Biologists have long been interested in the effects of radiation on cells. In one experiment,...

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1. Ten centromeres are observed in a prophase cell from a Sorghum bicolor plant. a. How many pairs of chromosomes does this plant contain? b. For each stage of mitosis, indicate the number of centromeres you would expect to find and the number of copies of chromosomes attached to each centromere. Stage of mitosis: Number of centromeres visible cell Number of chromosomes per copies attached to centromere Prophase Anaphase
1. Assume that a cell is 2n=2 (diploid has two chromosomes, the same size). DRAW the following stages below. Use / for unreplicated chromosome and X for replicated chromosome. Use a metaphase plate that is vertical. For simplicity, do not indicate the nuclear membrane, spindles or that the chromosomes are decondensed (unwound) in interphase. Draw the chromosomes even if you would actually only see chromatin during interphase For reference this is Metaphase of MITOSIS Metaphase of MEIOSIS I Metaphase of MEIOSIS II one gamete a. d. b. G1 е. C. G2 f. X а. b. С. d. е. f. 2. Carefully analyze the following images. A a. Describe each as n= (1 or 2 "sets" of information is held on how many chromosomes). Also indicate how much DNA is in each compared to a respective gamete which has 1x amount of DNA) Ploidy (2n or 1n?) 1n_ # of chromosomes 2 amount of DNA 1x_
1. Assume that a cell is 2n=2. DRAW the following stages below. Use / for unreplicated chromosome and X for replicated chromosome. Use a metaphase plate that is vertical. For simplicity, do not indicate the nuclear membrane, spindles or that the chromosomes are decondensed (unwound) in interphase. Draw the chromosomes even if you would actually only see chromatin during interphase a. G1 d. Metaphase of Mitosis Anaphase of Mitosis b. G2 C. Prophase of Mitosis one daughter cell after Cytokinesis O O O O O O a. b. C. d. e. f. 2. This time, assume that a cell is 2n=4 (two large and two small chromosomes), DRAW the following stages below. Use / for unreplicated chromosome and X for replicated chromosome. Use a metaphase plate that is vertical. Make sure nonhomologs are different sizes. For simplicity, do not indicate the nuclear membrane, spindles or that the chromosomes are decondensed (unwound) in interphase. Draw the chromosomes even if you would actually only see chromatin during…
5. Assume that a cell is 2n=4 (diploid has two chromosomes, the same size). DRAW the following stages below. Use / for unreplicated chromosome and X for replicated chromosome. Use a metaphase plate that is vertical. For simplicity, do not indicate the nuclear membrane, spindles or that the chromosomes are decondensed (unwound) in interphase. Draw the chromosomes even if you would actually only see chromatin during interphase G1 Metaphase of MEIOSIS II one gamete G2 Metaphase of MEIOSIS I Metaphase of MITOSIS a. b. C. O O O O O O a. b. C. d. f. For reference Metaphase of MITOSIS is shown in circle f. Explain how what you drew for (c) differs from (f) 6. Carefully analyze the following images. D d. e. f. A B C D n= a. Describe each as (1 or 2 "sets" of information is held on how many chromosomes). Also indicate how much DNA is in each compared to a respective gamete which has 1x amount of DNA) A B с _1n_ 2 _1x_ Ploidy (2n or 1n?) # of chromosomes amount of DNA b. Indicate which diagram…
3. Assume that a cell is 2n=2 (diploid has two chromosomes, the same size). DRAW the following stages below. Use / for unreplicated chromosome and X for replicated chromosome. Use a metaphase plate that is vertical. For simplicity, do not indicate the nuclear membrane, spindles or that the chromosomes are decondensed (unwound) in interphase. Draw the chromosomes even if you would actually only see chromatin during interphase a. For reference this is Metaphase of MITOSIS b. G1 C. G2 a. XX d. Metaphase of MEIOSIS I Metaphase of MEIOSIS II one gamete e. f. OO c C. d. b. e. c f.
2.) One experimental tool used in the biological research and in clinical settings is called Fluorescent Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) or cell cytometry. For example, a cell membrane permeable (or nonpolar) chemical called Hoescht 33342 dye will specifically label DNA. Interpret the graph (Figure 17-4) that illustrates normal cells that have been labeled with Hoescht 33342 dye, and assign which phase(s) of the cell cycle (G1, S, G2, or M) corresponds to the fluorescence intensity. Justify your answers. 1 relative fluorescence per cell Figure 17-4 Analysis of Hoechst 33342 fluorescence in a population of cells sorted in a flow cytometer (Problem 17-15). number of cells
a. Manually, using a pencil, draw a cell in anaphase II from an organism in which 2n = 2 and each chromosome is metacentric. b. Given that each G1 nucleus from this organism contains 16 picograms of DNA, how many picograms of chromosomal DNA would you expect in the cell shown here?
17) CELL DIVISION: The diagrams below illustrate two different types of cell division. Process A Process B A. Identify which diagram shows the process of mitosis and which diagram shows the process of meiosis. Explain how you were able to identify the process. B. Explain three differences between mitosis and meiosis. Your answer should include differences found in the actual processes and differences found in the cells resulting from each type of division. Meiosis Mitosis
1. The figure below represents a karyotype performed on a somatic cell of an unknown organism. Answer the following questions using the figure. а. What is the ploidy of this organism? Provide evidence for your answer. b. How many chromosomes does this organism have? c. Circle (and label) 3 different sets of homologous chromosomes? d. Is there evidence for a chromosomal aberration? If so, describe the evidence. If not, explain your reasoning. CTM D CT ID
9. The unlettered circle at the top of the figure shows a diploid nucleus with four chromosomes that have not yet replicated. There are two pairs of homologous chromosomes, one long and the other short. One haploid set is black, and the other is gray. The circles labeled A to E show various combinations of these chromosomes. Centromere D E A) Which drawing represents prophase of mitosis? B) Which drawing represents one daughter nucleus at the end of telophase of mitosis? 10. Why do neurons and some other specialized cells divide infrequently? A) They no longer have active nuclei. B) They have entered into G0. C) They only have one set of chromosomes. 11. One difference between cancer cells and normal cells is that cancer cells A) are unable to synthesize DNA. B) are arrested at the S phase of the cell cycle. C) continue to divide regardless if they have the appropriate signals. D) cannot function properly because they can only divide when there is space. 12. The spindle checkpoint…
1) What phase of mitosis is this? Answer: 2) What is the indicated structure 1? select one. a. chromosome b. chromosome with two sister chromatids c. centrioles/centrosome d. spindle fibres e. metaphase plate 3)If the diploid (2n) number of this cell is 8 how many chromosomes are present? 4) If the diploid (2n) number of this cell is 8 how many sister chromatids are present? 5) If the diploid (2n) number of this cell is 8 how many homologous pairs are present?
4. Figure below shows drawings of a cell at various stages in the mitotic cell cycle. A B E (a) List the letters shown in figure above in the order in which these stages occur during a mitotic cell cycle. [2] (b) Explain what is happening in stage D in figure above. [2]