Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781319114671
Author: Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Question
In the image below, the blue squiggly line represents a folded protein. There are two particular amino acids that are colored red and black in the protein. The structure of each of these two specific amino acids is shown in the indicated box.
A mutation occurs in the gene that encodes the protein illustrated above. The result of this mutation is that one of the amino acids above is substituted with another. Specifically, the amino acid whose structure is shaded red above (the one on the left in the illustration) is replaced by the amino acid shown below. Use this information to answer the two questions that follow.
Please answer these questions.
 1. Based on this description, indicate which type of mutation occurred: missense, nonsense, silent, or indel
2. How would this mutation affect this protein's structure and function? Explain in 2-4 sentences. Be specific, and be sure to include details of these specific amino acids in your response. (I'm giving you the structures of these specific amino acids for a reason...). You may refer to them as the "red," "black" and "yellow" amino acid if that makes life easier.
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Introduction
Protein is a nitrogenous organic macromolecule that is crucial to human health. It is responsible for the creation of enzymes, hormones, and antibodies in the human body.
Proteins are built up of amino acids, which are made up of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen, as well as the side chain or R group. Differences in the sidechains or R groups of amino acids can be used to distinguish them.
Mutation is a term used to describe a change in the sequence of DNA. Mutagens, viruses, a mistake during cell division, or radiation exposure can all cause it.
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