In most experiments using the lac operon, researchers use the synthetic inducer IPTG to turn on operon expression, instead of lactose or allolactose. What do you think is the advantage of using IPTG?
Q: Which one is important for pregnancy women during 1st trimester folate or iron or calcium or protein
A: The time from conception to birthing is referred to as a "pregnancy." It is a condition in which a…
Q: (Q139) Okazaki fragments solve which of the following problems? DNA replication does not occur in…
A: DNA replication is the production of new DNA from the old DNA that occur in semiconservative manner.…
Q: Define Diffusion, Osmosis, and Semi-Permeable Membrane.
A: The premise that a cell is the basic building block of life underlies the study of cell biology,…
Q: Make or create one question about Speciation and ecology (Nature of species, reproductiva isolation,…
A: When a group within a species separates from other members of its species, it develops its own…
Q: 4. The process of impulse conduction along an efferent myelinated nerve involves transmission along…
A: Introduction Neurons transmit signals electrochemically, indicating that an electrical impulse is…
Q: What factors might give rise to variation in the sizes of the colonies?
A: Bacteria grow on solid media as colonies. A colony may be defined as a visible mass of…
Q: How can one remedy the effect of pH change due to sterilization?
A: Explanation : During the process of Sterilization, the components of the medium suffer chemical…
Q: Prepare a blended formula for morning preparation with Diet recommended of 1500 kcal, carbohydates…
A: The examples below are effective in tube feedings that have been blended: Grains: boiled white or…
Q: Laboratory Experiment: Spontaneous Generation of Maggots/Fungi 1. What will your control be? 2. What…
A: Laboratory experiment for spontaneous generation of maggots/fungi. 1. The control is the conical…
Q: A) According to your results, why did some samples have more than one band of DNA? B) Results: Size…
A: DNA is the genetic material of the cell. It consists of double strands and is made up of a sequence…
Q: You have cloned the gene for a human erythrocyte protein, which you suspect is a membrane protein.…
A: A hydropathy plot is a tool used to visualize the hydrophobicity or hydrophilicity of a protein…
Q: Failure of homologous chromosomes to separate results in all the following EXCEPT: A.…
A: Introduction The chromosome is an important structure occurs in both prokaryotic cell as well as…
Q: # File Arial Home 8 Insert Type here to search Draw B 1 U Layout Review ab X₂ View x AA EEZIE (0)…
A: Introduction Meiosis: It is the type of division of cell in which two stages results in four…
Q: 1. Why is an increase in thirst and urine output associated with diabetes? 2. What is a healthy…
A: The blood glucose level is a measure of the amount of glucose in the blood. The normal range for…
Q: An elderly couple was killed in an accident. No surviving relatives are known, so their estate have…
A: ABO blood group has three alleles that are- IA, IB and i. IA and IB alleles are codominant with each…
Q: When human tissue, such as skin or a blood vessel, is torn or cut, the cells in the damaged region…
A: Platelets is the constituent of blood cells other than red blood cells and white blood cells. These…
Q: ne the phenotypes of grande and petite yeast cells with respect to the extraction of cell energy…
A: In the realm of genetics, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, or bread mould, is actively researched. The…
Q: Give an example of an aerobic traning exercise program using the FITT Principle
A: A helpful tool for tracking daily workout regimen is the FITT Principle. The letter F indicates…
Q: What are the different types of media in biology and their examples?
A: Introduction Many microorganisms such as yeast molds and bacteria that occur in nature may also be…
Q: Mutants were isolated in which the constitutive phenotype of a missense lacl mutation was…
A: In an experiment, the mutants were isolated in which the constitutive phenotype of a missense lacI…
Q: The mismatch repair (MMR) components work closely with the DNA replication machinery
A: The mismatch repair or MMR is a process by which DNA is repaired by removing the mismatched…
Q: Dynamic mutations are associated with what type of diseases? Genomic imprinting diseases…
A: A dynamic mutation is a type of mutation that can occur during the lifetime of an organism, as…
Q: Jon performed a pour plate technique to determine the concentration of viable cells in her mother…
A: INTRODUCTION Pour plate technique This technique helps in enumerating bacterial cells in a mixed…
Q: The stability of eukaryotic mRNAs can generally be enhanced by which of the following? Presence of…
A: The mRNA (messenger RNA) is used in the translation process for the production of proteins…
Q: What would be the f2?
A: Drosophila has been widely used in genetic studies as it produces a large number of offspring and…
Q: What are the basic differences between the streak plate and the pour plate methods of isolation?
A: Introduction: Microbiologists use the streak plate and pour plate procedures to cultivate mostly…
Q: what is the importance of the wetlands in protecting new Orleans? How were they destroyed?
A: INTRODUCTION Wetland This is an ecosystem saturated by water. This is the area where the water…
Q: 3. Two parental strains with mean heights of 64.29 and 135 cm. respectively were crossed. The F1 and…
A: In statistics, the mean is actually the average of the sum or total of all number's values divided…
Q: efine hormone. Name the hormone secreted by thyroid gland. Write its function. Why is it advised to…
A: In the body, hormones act as messengers. Endocrine glands release these substances. In order to keep…
Q: Give an example of tree whose removal of leaves forms a noncaterpillar tree.
A: Phylum Arthropoda has several classes and “Insecta” is the largest class among all. Insects belong…
Q: 18. In tomatoes, tall (D) is dominant over dwarf (d), and smooth fruit (P) is dominant over…
A: A dihybrid cross is a cross in which two traits are involved . Traits are characteristic features…
Q: Write down the functions of the following body system. Body System Functions 1. Skeletal System…
A: Introduction The human body has 11 distinct systems, collectively referred to as organ systems,…
Q: Write a detailed account of how the body monitors blood pressure with baroreceptors and how the…
A: Introduction: Baroreceptors is a type of mechanoreceptor that allowing for the relay of…
Q: 46. List 3 parts of the brain that are specifically involved in memory a. Amygdala, Hypothalamus,…
A: The neuroanatomy of memory includes a broad range of brain structural features. It is now obvious…
Q: Predict the state of transcription activation in the following scenarios: A. Regulated as usual B.…
A: Gene expression involves transcription that causes production of RNA from the DNA template.…
Q: Histological preparation of skin demonstrates dense unformed connective tissue. What layer of this…
A: Skin is composed majorly of Epidermis, Dermis ( papillary and Reticular), and Hypodermis. All these…
Q: Which of the following is not a function of telomeres? options: cellular clock protection of…
A: Telomeres are the repetitive sequences of DNA which are present at the end of the chromosomes. These…
Q: Using the Butterfly stroke in swimming as an example (see video); What is the significance of having…
A: Butterfly stroke It refers to a swimming stroke that is swum on the chest. In this stroke, both arms…
Q: Which statement is true concerning hominins and the archaeological record? a. There is a 10 million…
A: Human evolution is the evolutionary process, leading upon the appearance of modern human being.…
Q: how did you get a 0.2 and 9.8 ml solvent from ? How do you do it with C1V1=C2V2?
A: For counting the number of microorganisms or cells present in a sample we usually perfume serial…
Q: Do both cardiac and smooth muscle have gap junctions?
A: Introduction Gap junctions are channels that bodily join adjoining cells, mediating the fast change…
Q: Explain why digestion with EcoRI and Hindlll might give more than one insert fragment with some of…
A: Introduction Restriction endonuclease or restriction enzyme cut the double stranded DNA at a…
Q: Utilize critical thinking skills to apply the information learned in this lecture. Practice by…
A: The digestive system carries out the physical and chemical digestion of food so that it can be…
Q: Which kind of bonds connect the complementary base pairs in strands of DNA? Disulfide bonds C-C…
A: According to the question, the CORRECT option is Hydrogen Bonds. Hydrogen bonds connects the…
Q: Q11.1: Explain why a mutation in pyruvate carboxylase that blocks its ability to be regulated by…
A: Pyruvate carboxylase was found by Utter & Keech during research on the intracellular location…
Q: 3. Complete the table Membranes (name all) Interacts with receptors by Penetrates inside the cell by…
A: We all know that viruses are obligate parasites i.e. it cannot survive without host body.Viruses can…
Q: Describe a human condition that results from the abnormal development of the heart
A: Heart is the most important organ, that pumps blood through out the body. The pumped blood carries…
Q: What elements among CHNOPS make up DNA and RNA?
A: Biopolymers and macromolecules called nucleic acids are necessary for all known forms of life. They…
Q: How does the Endocrine System Maintain Homeostasis
A: Introduction Endocrine system consists of various endocrine glands which secretes various hormone…
Q: What happens to a cabon atom during its life cycle
A: Carbon is a chemical element with the symbol C and atomic number 6. It is nonmetallic and…
Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
In most experiments using the lac operon, researchers use the synthetic inducer IPTG to turn on operon expression, instead of lactose or allolactose. What do you think is the advantage of using IPTG?
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- To study the lac operon, you engineer a strain of E coli to have a lac operon in which the lac Z gene is replaced by the gene for green fluorescent protein (GFP). Expression of GFP generates a green color in the cells that can be easily quantitated with a fluorescence microscope. You test the activity of the operon in the absence of the inducer IPTG, the presence of the inducer IPTG and the presence of an antibiotic the completely inhibits RNA polymerase (i.e. no gene expression). You then use this system to test the effects of various mutation on the activity of the operon. Match the following mutations with the activity (A, B or C) you would expect to observe with the mutation. All experiments are done in the presence of IPTG unless otherwise stated.Let’s suppose you have isolated a mutant strain of E. coli in which the lac operon is constitutively expressed. In other words, the operon is turned on in the presence or absence of lactose. One possibility is that the mutation may block the transcription of the lacI gene, thereby preventing the synthesis of lac repressor. A second possibility is that the mutation could alter the sequence of the lac operon in a way that prevents the repressor protein from binding to the operator. How would you distinguish between these two possibilities?You have isolated different mutants (reg1 and reg2) causing constitutive expression of the emu operon (which has genes emu1 and emu2). One mutant contains a defect in a DNA-binding site, and the other has a loss-of-function defect in the gene encoding a protein that binds to the site Say you don’t know which mutant has a defect in the site and which one has a mutation in the binding protein. To figure it out, you construct the two partial diploid strains (i and ii below), and you then assay the levels of the Emu1 and Emu2 proteins in these two strains. F’ (reg1- reg2+ emu1- emu2+) / reg1+ reg2+ emu1+ emu2- F’ (reg1+ reg2- emu1- emu2+) / reg1+ reg2+ emu1+ emu2- What proteins do you predict will be expressed for strains i and ii if reg2 encodes the regulatory protein and reg1 is the regulatory site?
- What experimental results would indicate that the mutation lacISlacIS is dominant to lacI+lacI+? In lacISlacIS/lacI+lacI+ partial diploids, the lac operon is in a repressed state in the absence of lactose. In lacISlacIS/lacI+lacI+ partial diploids, the lac operon is in a constitutive state in the absence of the repressor. In lacISlacIS/lacI+lacI+ partial diploids, the lac operon is in an activated state in the presence of lactose. In lacISlacIS/lacI+lacI+ partial diploids, the lac operon is in a repressed state in the absence of the repressor. In lacISlacIS/lacI+lacI+ partial diploids, the lac operon is in a repressed state in the presence of lactose.1. a) If glucose is not available and lactose is absent from the environment, what is the status of transcription of the lac operon genes? Explain your answer from both an evolutionary perspective and in terms of negative and positive regulation of the operon? b)If glucose is not available, but lactose is available from the environment, what is the status of transcription of the lac operon genes? Explain your answer from both an evolutionary perspective and in terms of negative and positive regulation of the operon? b)1. A)Explain the mechanism by which the lac operon is sensitive to glucose levels (presence and absence of glucose). B)If glucose levels in the cell are high and lactose is available from the environment, what is the status of transcription of the lac operon genes? Explain your answer from both an evolutionary perspective and in terms of negative and positive regulation of the operon?
- Let’s suppose you have isolated a mutant strain of E. coli in which the lac operon is constitutively expressed. In other words, the operon is turned on in the presence or absence of lactose. One possibility is that the mutation mayblock the transcription of the lacI gene, thereby preventing the synthesis of lac repressor. A second possibility is that the mutation could alter the sequence of the lac operator in a way that prevents lac repressor from binding to the operator. How would you distinguish between these two possibilities?You are growing E. coli in a laboratory in order to study their operons. The growth media you are using contains lactose, no glucose and no tryptophan. Using your knowledge of operons and their regulation, Please explain so I can understand in the answer What effect does lactose have on the bacterial cell’s lac operon? What does the absence of glucose do to the bacterial cell? You now add tryptophan to the cell. What would happen to the bacterial cell and its trp operon? What kind of regulation does lactose provide to an operon’s repressor?If a researcher moves the promoter for the lac operon to the region between the beta galactosidase (lacZ) gene and the permease (lacY) gene, which of the following results would you expect? A) The three genes of the lac operon will be expressed normally. B) The repressor will not be able to bind to the operon. C) The operon will still transcribe the lacZ and lacY genes, but the mRNA will not be translated. D) LacZ will not be transcribed and Beta galactosidase will not be produced.
- Strain ROFL4 has a premature stop mutation in the lacZ gene, resulting in a nonfunctional b-galactosidase. Otherwise all other parts of the operon are functional. 1. Can strain ROFL4 metabolize lactose if it is present? 2. If lactose is absent, will strain ROFL4 transcribe its lac operon? 3. If lactose is present, will strain ROFL4 transcribe its lac operon?Strain X-23 has a mutation in the lacI gene resulting in a lacI protein that cannot bind DNA. Otherwise all other parts of the operon are functional. 1. Can strain X-23 metabolize lactose if it is present? 2. If lactose is absent, will strain X-23 transcribe its lac operon? 3. If lactose is present, will strain X-23 transcribe its lac operon?If glucose levels in the cell are high and lactose is available from the environment, what is the status of transcription of the lac operon genes? Explain your answer from both an evolutionary perspective and in terms of negative and positive regulation of the operon?