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Hurricane damage: In August and September 2005, Hurricanes Katrina and Rita caused extraordinary flooding in New Orleans, Louisiana. Many homes were severely damaged or destroyed, and of those that survived, many required extensive cleaning. It was thought that cleaning flood-damaged homes might present a health hazard due to the large amounts of mold present in many of the homes. In a sample of 365 residents of Orleans Parish who had participated in the cleaning of one or more homes, 52 had experienced symptoms of wheezing, and in a sample of 180 residents who had not participated in the cleaning,42 reported wheezing symptoms (numbers read from a graph). Can you conclude that there is a difference between the proportion of residents with wheezing symptoms who cleaned flood-damaged homes and those who did not participate in the cleaning? Let p1 denote the proportion of residents with wheezing symptoms who had cleaned flood-damaged homes and p2 denote the proportion of residents with wheezing symptoms who had not cleaned flood-damanged homes. Use the =α0.05 level of significance and the P -value method with the TI-84 Plus calculator.
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- The national Park service monitors streams in Rainier national park for pollution and fish spawning habits. Suppose it is known that 40% of the streams in the park are either considered "polluted" or "known for spawning stream", 15% of the streams are classified as "polluted" and 35% of the streams are "known for spawning streams" what proportion of streams are known to be both polluted and known for spawning streams.arrow_forwardData from the Bureau of Labor Statistics indicates that in a certain month, 33.1% of the labor force had a high school diploma or fewer years of education, 20.2% had some college or an associate's degree, and 46.7% had a bachelor's degree or more education. Of those with a high school diploma or fewer years of education, 9.1% were unemployed. Of those with some college or an associate's degree, 3.3% were unemployed, and of those with a bachelor's degree or more education, 3.1% were unemployed. Find the probability that a randomly chosen labor force participant has a high school diploma or less education given that he or she is unemployed. ..... The probability is (Type an integer or decimal rounded to three decimal places as needed.)arrow_forwardA psychologist has developed a mental alertness test. She wishes to study the effects (if any) of type of food consumed on mental alertness. Twenty-one volunteers were randomly divided into two groups. Both groups were told to eat the amount they usually eat for lunch at noon. At 2:00 P.M., all subjects were given the alertness test. Group A had a low-fat lunch with no red meat, lots of vegetables, carbohydrates, and fiber. Group B had a high-fat lunch with red meat, vegetable oils, and low fiber. The only drink for both groups was water. The test scores are shown below. Group A 67 93 82 69 76 47 43 58 92 63 52 Group B 70 57 75 59 66 49 55 46 45 91 89 72 Use a 10% level of significance to test the claim that there is no difference in mental alertness distributions based on type of lunch. (a) What is the level of significance? (b) Compute the sample test statistic. (Use 2 decimal places.) (c) Find the P-value of the sample test statistic. (Use 4 decimal places.)arrow_forward
- Tim is interested in studying whether Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Six people who were diagnosed with OCD participated in Tim's study, where he recorded the number of times they washed their hands per day for one month. They were then given a three week intensive CBT program before their hand-washing was monitored for another month. The average number of times per day each participant washed their hands over the two months of observation are as follows: Participant Month 1 Month 2 1 11 6 2 8 5 3 14 17 4 10 10 5 22 11 6 15 10 Compute the appropriate statistic to determine whether the program was effective and use this information to fill in the blanks: Q1. revealed that the number of times per day participants washed their hands following the CBT program was Q2. compared to the number of times per day participants washed their hands before the…arrow_forwardA research wants to determine if pre-natal exposure to the hormones in birth control pills alters the sex makeup of midshipman fish populations (which are typically half male and half female).Specifically, the researcher wishes to test the hypothesis that exposure to hormones will increase the number of females in the population.The researcher exposes a group of pregnant midshipman fish to birth control hormones and records the sex of the first 18 offspring birthed.They then observe that 10 are female.Use a sign test to test the indicated hypothesis.What is the value of "significance"arrow_forwardA research wants to determine if pre-natal exposure to the hormones in birth control pills alters the sex makeup of midshipman fish populations (which are typically half male and half female).Specifically, the researcher wishes to test the hypothesis that exposure to hormones will increase the number of females in the population.The researcher exposes a group of pregnant midshipman fish to birth control hormones and records the sex of the first 19 offspring birthed.They then observe that 13 are female.Use a sign test to test the indicated hypothesis.What is the obtained value?arrow_forward
- Amorphophallus johnsonii is a plant called the "corpse flower" that grows in West Africa. Its flowers produce a pungent smell described as "a powerful aroma of rotting fish and faeces". It does so to attract its pollinator, the carrion beetle (Phaeochrous amplus) which live in rotting meat. Beath (1996) observed corpse flowers (hopefully wearing masks) and counted the number of beetles that arrived at each flower over the course of one night. The data is presented below: 51, 45, 61, 76, 11, 117, 7, 132, 52, 149 the mean of this sample is 70.1 beetles the standard deviation of this sample is 48.5 beetles Use the standard deviation of the sample to approximate the standard error of the mean. 1) What is the approximate SE that you calculated? Use the SE approximation method for normal sampling distributions to calculate Confidence Intervals 2) What are the 95% Confidence Intervals for this sample mean? 3) What are the 99% Confidence Intervals for this sample mean? 4) If an expanded…arrow_forwardA food-frequency questionnaire is used to measure dietary intake. The respondent specifies the number of servings of various food items they consumed over the previous week. The dietary cholesterol is then quantified for each respondent. The researchers were interested in assessing if there was an association between dietary cholesterol intake and high blood pressure. In a large sample of individuals who had completed the questionnaire, 250 persons with a high dietary cholesterol intake (greater than 300 mg /day) were selected and 250 persons with a low dietary cholesterol intake (less than 300 mg/day) were selected. The 500 selected participants had their medical history taken and were classified as having normal or high blood pressure. The data are given here. Dietary Cholesterol Blood Pressure Total High Low High 159 91 250 Low 78 172 250 Total 237 263 500 Test 2: two-tailed test for comparing two independent proportions Clearly state…arrow_forwardAnecdotal evidence suggests that anxiety disorder may contribute to the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a condition characterized by nausea, alternating constipation and diarrhea, and no identifiable gastrointestinal pathology. Researchers administer an online questionnaire regarding IBS symptoms to 10,000 people who have an established diagnosis of anxiety disorder in the United States, Canada, and Mexico. They administer the same questionnaire to another 10,000 people from the same countries who do not have a diagnosis of anxiety disorder. Their findings are tabulated below.arrow_forward
- A. Headache Pain : There are many over-the-counter pain relievers. By the end of the semester, you have a tremendous headache and are looking for the most effective pain relief available. You conduct a study comparing the three most popular pain relievers and a placebo to see which work best. You use only subjects with headaches and record the amount of time (in minutes) it takes for their headache to go away after they receive the medication. You randomly assign 60 participants to one of the four conditions using a double- + blind procedure. (Use a = Placebo 70 Drug A 30 Drug B 10 Drug C 10 30 60 40 20 50 40 10 10 60 30 40 10 10 40 30 30 30 30 30 10 40 20 20 20 60 40 20 30 50 30 30 10 30 30 20 20 60 20 10 10 20 40 20 30 20 50 20 10 40 20 30 30 State the hypotheses Critical value and df Test statisticarrow_forwardA. Headache Pain : There are many over-the-counter pain relievers. By the end of the semester, you have a tremendous headache and are looking for the most effective pain relief available. You conduct a study comparing the three most popular pain relievers and a placebo to see which work best. You use only subjects with headaches and record the amount of time (in minutes) it takes for their headache to go away after they receive the medication. You randomly assign 60 participants to one of the four conditions using a double- blind procedure. (Use a = .05) Drug A Drug C 10 Placebo Drug B 10 70 30 30 60 40 20 50 40 10 10 60 30 10 10 40 40 30 30 30 30 30 10 40 20 20 20 60 40 20 30 50 30 30 10 30 30 20 20 60 20 10 10 20 40 30 20 50 20 20 10 40 20 30 30 IV (or predictor) variable DV (or criterion) variable What type of analysis should you conduct to determine which method relieves headache pain most swiftly?arrow_forwardFor several decades, it was a common practice in Southern California for houses to be built with pools in the backyard (as any airplane flight which ends at a Southern California airport will reveal). Now, however, that practice may be changing, possibly because of the recent demand for landscaped homes, which experts believe help reduce pollution. A recent study examined a random sample of 167 houses built in Southern California between 1950 and 1985 and an independent, random sample of 80 houses built in Southern California from 1992 to the present. The sample of houses built in 1950-1985 contained 71 houses with pools, and the sample of houses built from 1992-present contained 31 houses with pools. Based on this survey, can we conclude, at the 0.05 level of significance, that the proportion p1 of all Southern California houses built in 1950-1985 that were built with pools is greater than the proportion p2 of all Southern California houses built from…arrow_forward
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