A research wants to determine if pre-natal exposure to the hormones in birth control pills alters the sex makeup of midshipman fish populations (which are typically half male and half female). Specifically, the researcher wishes to test the hypothesis that exposure to hormones will increase the number of females in the population. The researcher exposes a group of pregnant midshipman fish to birth control hormones and records the sex of the first 18 offspring birthed. They then observe that 10 are female. Use a sign test to test the indicated hypothesis. What is the value of "significance"

Here is one way in which nature regulates the size of animal populations: high population density attracts predators, who remove a higher proportion of the population than when the density of the prey is low. One study looked at kelp perch and their common predator, the kelp bass. The researcher set up four similarly sized circular pens on sandy ocean bottom in southern California. He chose young perch at random from a large group and placed 10,10, 20,20, 40,40, and 6060 perch in the four pens. Then he dropped the nets protecting the pens, allowing bass to swarm in, and counted the perch left after two hours. The table contains data on the proportions of perch eaten in four repetitions of this setup22.this setup22. Perch Proportion Killed 10 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.3 20 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.6 40 0.075 0.3 0.6 0.725 60 0.517 0.55 0.7 0.817 SOLVE: What is the correlation, ?,? between the number of perch and the proportion of prey killed?

In the book Business Research Methods (5th ed.), Donald R. Cooper and C. William Emory discuss studying the relationship between on-the-job accidents and smoking. Cooper and Emory describe the study as follows: Suppose a manager implementing a smoke-free workplace policy is interested in whether smoking affects worker accidents. Since the company has complete reports of on-the-job accidents, she draws a sample of names of workers who were involved in accidents during the last year. A similar sample from among workers who had no reported accidents in the last year is drawn. She interviews members of both groups to determine if they are smokers or not. The sample results are given in the following table. On-the-Job Accident Smoker Heavy Moderate Yes No Row Total 12 17 9 13 34 10 19 30 Nonsmoker 17 Column total 32 66 Expected counts are below observed counts Total 17 Accident No Accident Нeavy 12 -5 8.76 8.24 10 9.21 Moderate 19 9.79 Nonsmoker 13 17 30 15.45 14.55 32 Total 34 66 Chi-Sq =…

Dr. Slim developed a new drug he hypothesizes will cause people to lose weight. He randomly assigned participants into either the control group (no drug) or the experimental group (1 pill a day for two months). At the end of the 2ndmonth he weighed each participant and recorded the amount of weight loss (i.e., measured in pounds) since the beginning of the program. The results were as follows: control group experimental group 21 33 20 17 26 39 27 22 21 17 24 19 17 32 13 29 88 19 32 31 29 31 26 30 29 36 22 26 Analyze the data using an independent two sample t-test and interpret the results.