How do you clone a 4 kb promoter from a genomic cell preparation?

Q: What is the general effect of methylation of a genomics region on transcription?

A: DNA methylation is a biochemical process involving the addition of methyl groups to the Dna strand.…

Q: What is the 5′ cap? How is the 5′ cap added to eukaryotic pre-mRNA? What is the function of the 5′…

A: The process of maturation of eukaryotic mRNA from primary mRNA transcripts is known as RNA…

Q: Besides the great potential of gene editing, what are the biggest risks?  How do scientist test to…

A: Gene editing is a rapidly advancing field of genetic engineering that allows for precise…

Q: How far apart are transcription bubbles on E. coli genes that are being transcribed at a maximal…

A: The transcription bubble is an area of unpaired bases on one of the uncovered DNA strands. The…

Q: How does ribosomal frameshifting allow for two different proteins to be translated from the same…

A: Ribosomal frameshifting is the process in the translation step where multiple copies of proteins are…

Q: How the amplification of other genomic methods such as optical mapping helps to overcome the…

A: The amplification of other genomic methods like optical mapping  has definitely improved the…

Q: Outline an experimental approach to determining the average RNA chain growth rate during…

A: Transcription is the first step in central dogma of protein synthesis. It involves formation of…

Q: How geneticists used synthetic mRNAs to limit the coding possibilities?

A: Prior to the technology existed for RNA synthesis of defined sequence such as given in the figure…

Q: What is a telomere problem and how is telomerase useful in this context?

A: Telomere is the sequence of repetitive nucleotides present at the ends of the chromosomes. Telomeres…

Q: How can proteomics identify differences between the numberof protein-coding genes predicted for a…

A: Proteomics is defined as the characterization of proteomes, sets of proteins that are synthesized in…

Q: How can these designed nucleases alter the sequence of the genomic DNA?

A: The Common approach to understand gene function in a systematic and unbiased way is including…

Q: If you wanted to study the nature of transcription in yeast under aerobic versus anaerobic…

A: Yeast grows differently under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. To study the nature of transcription…

Q: What is the general effect of methylation of a genomics region on transcription?

A: Without affecting the sequence, methylation can modify the activities of a DNA region. When DNA…

Q: ld telomerase inhibitors be used to treat cancer?

A: Telomerase, also known as  terminal transferase can be described  as the  ribonucleoprotein that…

Q: What transcribe the retrotransposon DNA into one or more RNA copies ?

A: Retrotransposons are genetic components that transform RNA back into DNA by reverse transcription…

Q: What factors do we consider in genetic transcription: precision, accuracy, or a combination of the…

A: Genetics is a branch of biology that deals with the study of genes and their role in inheritance. it…

Q: What is it about the Cas9 protein that makes it an efficient DNAediting tool?

A: DNA and RNA are the genetic elements present in almost all cells. DNA encodes for proteins through…

Q: How can telomerase-related aging be addressed therapeutically?

A: Introduction DNA is packed inside the cell in the form of chromosomes and chromatin. The…

Q: Which restriction enzyme is best suited for cloning in pUC8?

A: The restriction enzymes are specific endonuclease that cut the double stranded DNA from the middle…

Q: Please describe the procedures of initiation during transcription in bacteria.

A: Elongation of transcription begins after initiation where the dinucleotides are added to the mRNA…

Q: RNAi is a method to assess........ gene expression    gene sequence  gene function  Chromosomal…

A: A gene is a functioning heredity unit made up of DNA, which provides instructions for the creation…

Q: How DNA recombination is used in unique variable region coding?

A: A process by which Cells randomly assemble immunoglobulin gene segments .v, d, and j gene segment to…

Q: What are the most well-studied chromatin remodelers?

A: Deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA is a double helix nucleic acid structure that carries the genetic…

Q: How can we use the transposon sequence to find where the mutation occurred in a forward genetic…

A: Forward genetic screes, also termed as forwarding genetics, is a kind of process by which those…

Q: What has been the most significant finding of the ENCODE project?Why was the project expanded to…

A: ENCODE stands for Encyclopedia of DNA elements. It was a research project that came after the Human…

Q: What would a scientist need to use CRISPR-Cas system to introduce a specific point mutation into a…

A: When the target DNA is located, Cas9, one of the CRISPR system's enzymes, latches to it and chops…

Q: How can the number of repeats of a microsatellite/STR increase?

A: A repetitive DNA tract wherein a particular motif of DNA is repeated 5 to 50 times is termed a…

Q: Why is it important for the transcription bubble to remain a constant size?

A: Transcription is the first step in gene expression, in which information from a gene is used to…

Q: What is Sequence of Nic’s exome?

A: The part of the genome which is composed of exons which is transcribed from mature RNA and…

Q: does human contain supercoiling DNA？Why supercoiling is important and what is it？

A: A higher-order DNA structure is described by DNA supercoiling. Two complimentary strands are wound…

Q: What is at the upstream of repication fork is: topoisomerase, primer, DNA ligase, or Okazaki…

A: A replication fork is formed when the two single strands of DNA separate during DNA replication.

Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.