Given that the total magnification for the Anabaena photomicrograph above is 400X, and the magnification of the eubacterial cells in Exercise 1 (above) is 1000X, are these Anabaena larger or smaller than the eubacteria? Approximately how much larger/smaller are they?

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a foodborne pathogen and can cause serious illness in humans by producing toxins that can severely damage the lining of intestines and kidneys. What are the oxygen requirements of coli? What result would you observe in the MTM agar deep test? Explain. Research on the growth requirements of this bacterium is required. What is the role of oxygen and cytochrome c oxidase in aerobic respiration? Why does the nitrate reduction tube turn red after the addition of zinc? Clostridium tetani is a common soil bacterium and causes tetanus. Would you expect tetani to possess the enzyme catalase? Explain. Research on the growth requirements of this bacterium is required.

The figure shows stratification of microbial layers in a Winogradsky column (a method used to simulate environments similar to microbial mats observed in nature). Cyanobacteria and algae Nonsulfur photosynthetic bacteria (e.g., Rhodomicrobium) Purple photosynthetic bacteria (e.g., Chromatium) Green photosynthetic bacteria (e.g., Chlorobium) Air Liquid Aerobic zone Microaerophilic zone (Less anaerobic) Anaerobic zone (More anaerobic) Mud mixed with sulfate and carbonate salts and cellulose or other organics

On the graph that relates absorbance to flavin concentration, draw a horizontal line that starts at the point on the y-axis that corresponds to the absorbance of your unknown sample and ends at the curve you drew through your data points . Next draw a vertical line that starts at the point where the horizontal line intersected the curve and ends at the x-axis. The point where this vertical line intersects the x-axis corresponds to the concentration of flavin in your unknown sample. What was the letter on the tube with your unknown sample? What is the concentration of the flavin in your unknown

Practice Question #2 Each of the following statement FALSE. Tell me what is incorrect with the statement and correct it when possible. For example, if the statement says: the sky is red during daytime. You would answer: the sky isn't red during daytime, it is blue. a) Your lab supervisor asks you to grow a new bacterium they got from a collaborator. You grow them in the suggested nutrient-rich media, and you notice that as the log phase growth progresses, the bacteria seem to turn purple. You mention it to your supervisor and ask whether it is the gradient from very high to low nutrient bioavailability that induces metabolic changes which induces the production of a purple pigment. Your supervisor tells you that is unlikely. What is a more plausible conclusion? Note: The metabolic changes statement is wrong, the "plausible conclusion" is this case is the correction of the false statement, conclusion. the more plausible b) The organism in Tube B is microaerophilic. Oxic zone Anoxic zone…

How does the shape of a bacteria cell affect the bacteria’s survival in the environment?  To answer this question: Calculate the surface-to-volume ratio of a coccus, assuming it is a perfect sphere. Where radius (r) = 0.91 μm. surface-to-volume ratio of a coccus = ________________   Calculate the surface-to-volume ratio of a bacillus, assuming it is a cylinder. Where r = 0.5 μm and height (h) = 4 μm surface-to-volume ratio of a bacillus = _________________________   The values provided for the radius of the coccus and the radius and height for the bacillus will give approximately the same volume for the coccus and the bacillus. However, the surface area will differ. Now compare the surface-to-volume ratio of a coccus to a bacillus calculated with these values. Which has the higher surface area for the same amount of volume? Considering the coccus and bacillus of equal volume from the question above,   Which is more likely to survive in a dry environment? Explain your answer.…

Suppose you would like to determine the number of bacteria in a culture via anaerobic plate count. Explain (with pictures)how you would set up a dilutionseries (10-4,10-6, 10-8) usingthe fewest number of dilution blanks.Draw andlabel your tubes and plates with each dilution. Show all volumes including transfers, amounts in tubes, and amounts plated.