genetic information in all cellular life ?

Brainbow is a genetic approach to fate mapping developed to label cells with a seeming rainbow of possible colors, which can be used to identify each individual cell in a tissue or even a whole embryo.   Give the mechanics behind this technique.  What are its applications to the field of Biology in general, and to Developmental Biology in particular?

The fidelity of the genetic code and the transfer of information contained in genes to proteins is crucial to the function of the cellular machinery and the life of the cell. Is the genetic code universal in all cells? What characteristics of the genetic code contribute to its degeneracy? How can changes in the genetic code alter cell function? Share relevant examples, of how the genetic code could be potentially altered and/ or the effect of changes in the code on protein expression. Include a reference.

(a) Explain the relationship between DNA, genes, and chromosomes during the passing of genetic information. (b) During the passing of genetic information from one generation to the next via chromosomes, nondisjunction can occur, interrupting the process. Describe the events that take place during nondisjunction.

Describe how genetic information is duplicated, transferred, and expressed.

Discuss in your own wordings the concept of gene expression. proper explanation and diagram

After graduating from UNC Charlotte with the BS in Biology, you get a job with an agro-chemical company and are assigned to a lab that is exploring the use of a newly synthesized compound that may be a possible insecticide. The compound is thought to control insect populations by disrupting the genes that control embryonic development. Your lab conducts an experiment to investigate the influence of the compound on developmental genes by measuring the levels of the proteins the genes code for.  You measure protein levels in two groups of insect eggs: the Treatment Group, which is exposed to the compound, and the Control Group, which is exposed to a compound that is known to have no negative effects on gene activity. Your results are shown below. In all graphs, the Control group exhibits normal levels of proteins and gene expression. (Remeber: P > 0.05 means the observed differences are not significant; P < 0.05 means the differences are significant and biologically meaningful).…

The human phenotype is regulated by epigenetic control of gene expression. Discuss the three main types of epigenetic regulation, illustrating your answer with examples of diseases arising from impairment of each of these processes.   600 words.

The structural portion of genes contains two distinct types of regions—exons and introns. Which consists of codons that are eventually translated into the amino acid sequence of a protein, and which consists of codons that are not expressed?

Scientists are working to develop gene therapy to treat Batten disease, also known as Late Infantile Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis  (LINCL). This fatal, autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder results from a mutation in the gene that codes for the enzyme TPP1 (Tripeptidyl peptidase 1).   In the absence of this enzyme, a substance called ceroid lipofuscin accumulates in lysosomes in the brain, resulting in seizures, blindness, decline in cognitive function and motor skills, dementia, and death by the late teens or early 20’s. The TPP1 gene is 6695 bp in length. Think about the characteristics of Batten disease, and then suggest an approach to gene therapy that might be effective for this specific genetic disorder.  You may assume that your research team is working in the U.S. and your research is funded by a grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH).   1. Briefly outline a procedure that you could use to carry out the gene therapy for Batten disease.