Discuss how superantigens are different from other antigens andhow they contribute to pathology.

Q: Although the stomach is normally thought of as the major player in the digestive process, the bulk…

A: Although the stomach is normally thought of as the major player in the digestive process, the bulk…

Q: In the event of an inflammation in the body, discuss the vaccine concept after indicating how the…

A: Inflammation It is defined as a biological response of the immune system which is stimulated by…

Q: Define monoclonal antibodies and list some specificapplications of this technology.

A: The glycoproteins which are synthesized by the B cells differing in their amino acid sequence and…

Q: Let’s say there are two closely related viruses, let’s call them Guernsey virus and Micro virus.…

A: Epitopes are the sites on antigens that are recognized by variable regions of antibodies (paratope).

Q: A 28-year-old is in the urgent care center after stepping on a rusty tent nail. The nurse evaluates…

A: The process which provides a person with immiunity or resistance to an infectious disease is known…

Q: Briefly list three mechanisms by which monoclonal antibodies that bind to viruses or virally…

A: Microscopically small infectious organisms known as viruses can only replicate inside the cells of…

Q: Compare and contrast the mechanisms of antigen challenge and the clonal selection processes of B and…

A: Immunity refers to the body's ability to guard against pathogenic microorganisms. It comprises a…

Q: Discuss the most common immunological mechanisms responsible for allergies.

A: Allergies or allergic reactions are the hypersensitive reactions that occur in the immune system…

Q: levels of antibody to SARS-CoV2 has been used to treat patients with severe COVID-19. What is ONE…

A: The innate immune responses are the first line of defense against invading pathogens. They are also…

Q: What information provided by Jamie would lead the physician to suspect a systemic disease? Include…

A: We are allowed to do upto three subpart of a question. Please repost the undone question again.…

Q: List three virulence factors and explain their role in establishing a disease. What is the…

A: Answers

Q: Discuss in detail the role of CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1; compare and contrast the two pathways in…

A: CTLA-4 and PD-1 pathways are involved in cell-mediated immunity. The immune system protects the body…

Q: The five classes (isotypes) of immunoglobulins comprise Select one: a. IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM b.…

A: The immune system uses an antibody, often referred to as an immunoglobulin, to identify and destroy…

Q: Why might it be advisable for an Rh–woman who has had an abortion, miscarriage, or an ectopic…

A: The Rh factor is something on red blood cells. A few individuals have it (called Rh+) and a few…

Q: How can we convince the general public and possibly even ourselves, that immunization is a necessary…

A: Immunization is a process of providing vaccine to a person to prevent, safeguard from dangerous…

Q: What are the  General Categories of Immunodeficiency Diseases with  examples?

A: The immunodeficiency diseases are classified into two categories. They are: Primary immunodeficiency…

Q: Suppose a patient is suffered by fever with inflammation.  What will be the biomarkers to detect…

A: Inflammation It is a local defensive mechanism to the tissue damage to limit the spread of injurious…

Q: Describe the process of desensitization that reduces the IgE response to an allergen.

A: The term "desensitization" refers to an immunological procedure that involves producing specific…

Q: Immunohistochemistry is routinely used to determine specificity and identification of disease.…

A: Immunohistochemistry is a immunostaining process in which antigens in the cells are identified by…

Q: Discuss the involvement of T cells in organ transplantation and the diff erent ways that grafted…

A: Immunology is an important branch of biology which include the study of immunity of different…

Q: a) Role of HLA genes in immunology in detail?

A: The study of the immune system, an important part of medical and biological science, is called…

Q: Discuss the potential side effect of the drugs cyclosporineand tacrolimus, which function by…

A: Cyclosporine is a particular drug that is used to prevent organ rejection, during organ like kidney,…

Q: Describe antigen binding to the CDR1, 2, and 3 regions of theheavy-chain and light-chain variable…

A: The immune system in the body act as a defense system. It fights against disease and infection. The…

Q: Define the Immunotherapy with genetically engineered TCells ?

A: The treatment of diseases by activation or suppression of the immune system is immunotherapy or…

Q: Explain what factors of the immune system contribute to transplant rejection.

A: The process of movement of organs, tissues, or cells, from the donor to recipient or from one region…

Q: Define vaccine.

A: Immunity  It is the ability of body to fight infections. Types -  1) on the basis of source Natural…

Q: Compare and contrast the immunologic reactions involved in types I through IV hypersensitivities.

A: Ans: Hypersensitivities: It is the undesirable response or reactions elicited by the normal immune…

Q: What is monoclonal antibodies? How it can be categorized

A: Antibodies are Y-shaped protein molecules made by white blood cells (WBCs) in response to antigen.…

Q: What is involved in the four categories of B-cell and T-cell-mediatedimmunopathologies outlined by…

A: Hypersensitivity reactions are exaggerated and inappropriate immune responses against antigens or…

Q: How do vaccines work in the body? How do they utilize adaptive immune response? Also, kindly give an…

A: When a virus or bacteria enters our body and then our body produces an immune response in which…

Q: Explain the two major classes of biologic response–modifying drugs: hematopoietic drugs and…

A: We can say that the disease is a condition that is caused due to deviation from the normal. The…

Q: Two newly developed vaccine candidates (A and B) are tested in mice for their ability to elicit high…

A: Introduction: An antibody is a glycoprotein produced by the plasma cells in response to an allergen…

Q: 1.  What is immunologic agent drugs?  2.  What is the importance of immunologic agent drugs to…

A: Immunology:  Immunology is a discipline of biology and medicine that studies all organisms' immune…

Q: Define the different types of graft rejection.

A: Introduction  The immune system of a transplant recipient fights the transplanted organ or tissue…

Q: Explain why people with B-cell deficiencies can benefit from artificial passive…

A: B cells, also known as B lymphocytes, are a type of white blood cell of the lymphocyte subtype. They…