Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Determine the difference in the phenotype of albinism among Hopi Native Americans and other types of albinism and the mutated gene resulting in those phenotypes .
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- The mutations found in the CF gene that result in cystic fibrosis are recessive because.. (Justify your answer) a) CF is fatal and if the alleles that caused CF were dominant it would not be inheritedb) The CF mutations that occur result in no protein being produced and this is the only possible way for the mutations to be recessivec) Normal or near normal cellular function can occur from the protein produced by the normal allele in a carrierd) CF mutations only result in a protein that has normal function if there is also a normal CF protein in the cellarrow_forwardMany different alleles of a gene may exist in a population, yet each individual within the population does not carry more than two alleles of the gene. Is this true or false? A specific DNA mutation results in the production of a nonfunctional Chloride Ion Channel protein. The wildtype (normal) DNA sequence and the mutant DNA sequence that code for the Chloride Ion Channel protein, would they be considered different alleles of the same gene?arrow_forwardSuppose we define the Alzheimer’s disease phenotype as being diagnosed with the disease by age 75 years. In the human population, there are three alleles of the ApoE gene: ε2, ε3, ε4. They form an allelic series such that: 70% of 75 year olds with the ε4/ ε4 genotype have the Alzheimer’s phenotype 60% of 75 year olds with the ε3/ ε4 genotype have the Alzheimer’s phenotype 40% of 75 year olds with the ε3/ ε3 genotype have the Alzheimer’s phenotype 30% of 75 year olds with the ε2/ ε4 genotype have the Alzheimer’s phenotype 10% of 75 year olds with the ε2/ ε3 genotype have the Alzheimer’s phenotype If I have the ε4/ ε4 genotype and my wife has the ε2/ ε3 genotype, what is the probability that our child will have Alzheimer’s by age 75. Explain your reasoningarrow_forward
- Albinism occurs when cells cannot chemically synthesize pigment molecules. This occurs because the genes encoding the proteins that catalyze those synthesis reactions have sustained mutations. Based on this description, briefly explain whether you think mutations that cause albinism would be more likely to be dominant or recessive.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about the pedigree shown below is FALSE? 2 II 3 II 2 3 4 The phenotype of individual II-3 is affected. The genotype of individual Il-1 could be Aa or AA. Genotype of individual Il-3 is AA. Genotype of individual Il-2 is aa. 2.arrow_forwardWhat would happen to the frequency of heterozygous carriers of sickle-cell anemia (with AS genotype) if mosquitoes were completely wiped out in a large region?arrow_forward
- How can you use this piece of information to help you explain to your friends what is the significance of mutations in the emergence of new genetic properties (alleles) that may result (or not) in new phenotypic characteristics? (Recall that not all SNPs affect phenotype.)arrow_forwardDue to dosage compensation by X inactivation, females can exhibit a mosaic pattern of sweat glands on only some portions of their body if they carry a particular loss of function allele. Could any of the following genotypes result in males with such a mosaic pattern of sweat glands? Explain. A. X^AY B. X^AX^AY C. X^AX^aY D. Not possiblearrow_forwardDetermine which statements could be used as evidence to support the argument that "DNA influences the proteins that are made" and which statements are just facts. [Select all that apply.] The HBB gene that makes beta-globin has several abnormal alleles, including HbS, HbC, and HbE. Sickle cell disease has been successfully treated using bone marrow transplantation in children and adults. The symptoms of sickle cell anemia may not appear in individuals who only carry one HbS allele, but are always apparent when both alleles are HbS. If oxygen is removed from red blood cells made by two HbS alleles, the cell will form a sickle shape.arrow_forward
- Can you think of other respiratory diseases that are directly affected by the Cystic Fibrosis gene? Describe its effects on the body and how it correlates with cystic fibrosis. Be sure to include a scholarly source.arrow_forwardExplain why Tyrosinase (TYR) plays a crucial role in the melanin biosynthesis pathway The gene encodes an enzyme called tyrosinase, which is responsible for oxidizing tyrosine. Explain why the TYR has a significant association with skin color in humans and coat color in animals Mutations in the TYR gene cause a variety of diseases, including albinism and vitiligoarrow_forwardSickle cell anemia is a genetic disease most common in those of African ancestry that results from the mutation of a single basepair. This mutation results in a change to the hemoglobin protein. In this experiment, “S” will represent the normal allele and “s” thesickle allele. They are codominant alleles. Therefore, SS is normal, Ss is not fatal but mildly symptomatic, and ss is debilitating,painful, and often fatal. After hundreds or even thousands of generations, both alleles are still common in those of African ancestry. How would you explain this?arrow_forward
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