Describe the three steps of CRISPR-Cas–mediated antiviral defense.

Q: Outline the three stages of CRISPR-Cas action.

A: Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) is a DNA sequence family observed…

Q: What is the function/purpose of the guide RNA in the CRISPR-Cas9 system?

A: The guide RNA (gRNA) in the CRISPR-Cas9 system plays a crucial role in guiding the Cas9 enzyme to…

Q: You would like to use a CRISPR-Cas system to knockout a gene that includes the following sequence:…

A: CRISPR (Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)-Cas is a gene-editing tool. It…

Q: Compare and contrast the roles of crRNA and tracrRNA in the defense against bacteriophages provided…

A: Cas9 in conjunction with the engineered CRISPR sequences can be used to hunt down the codes and then…

Q: Briefly describe two approaches that are used to edit the germline in embryos using CRISPR-Cas9.…

A: The mechanism of CRISPR/Cas-9 genome editing can be generally divided into three steps: recognition,…

Q: What is the difference between a Lambda  insertion vector such as Lambda gt11 and a Lambda…

A: Step 1 Cloning vectors are carriers or vehicles of desired DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) fragments…

Q: Describe the function in prokaryotic transcription of theRNA polymerase core enzyme, sigma (σ)…

A: The first step in gene expression is the transcription, which is a common phenomenon in both…

Q: Compare and contrast the roles of crRNA and tracrRNA in the defense process against bacteriophages…

A: Cas9 in conjunction with the engineered CRISPR sequences can be used to hunt down the codes and them…

Q: With regard to the CRISPR-Cas system that defends bacteriaagainst bacteriophage attack, what happens…

A: Bacteriophage are the viruses which infects bacteria.  CRISPR that is Clustered Regularly…

Q: In Crispr cas9, is crispr DNA or RNAse? And what is cas9?

A: Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats, or "CRISPR" (pronounced "crisper"), are a…

Q: At the molecular level, describe how σ factor recognizes a bacterial promoter. Be specific about the…

A: A sigma factor is a protein needed for the initiation of protein synthesis in bacteria. Sigma factor…

Q: What is the importance of TA within the EcoRV recognition sequence?

A: Restriction enzymes cleaves DNA sequences at sequence-specific sites thus producing DNA fragments…

Q: Propose some specific uses of a modified CRISPR-Cas system as a general RNA-guided device for…

A: CRISPR (Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)-Cas is a gene-editing tool. It…

Q: In the CRISPR-Cas system, does the tracrRNA act as a scaffold, guide, ribozyme, blocker, decoy,…

A: The CRISPR-Cas system is a defense system against foreign invaders like bacteriophage, transposons,…

Q: Explain the CRISPR-Cas Mechanism for RNA-Guided Destruction of Invading DNA ?

A: CRISPR or clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats denotes a set of sequences of…

Q: How was it experimentally proven that the spacer sequences in the CRISPR locus were the elements…

A: CRISPR-cas system provides an adaptive defence mechanism to the prokaryotes which acquires…

Q: In type II CRISPR-Cas9 systems, what intermediate interacts with the repeat sequences that are added…

A: CRISPR Cas 9 edits genes by precisely cutting DNA and then letting natural DNA repair processes to…

Q: plain the fundamental difference between CRISPR/Cas9 and in vivo adenovirus-based gene therapy

A: All biological data of AN organism is held on within the biomolecule known as DNA. gene is the…

Q: Describe one specific application of CRISPR-Cas9 that is either currently in use or could…

A: Genome editing is a technology that can change the genome of an organism. This technique allows the…

Q: rs1800092 is a single nucleotide variant identifier for a variant in the CFTR gene. What type of…

A: What is single nucleotide varient : A single-nucleotide variant (SNV) is a general term for single…

Q: You run a Western blot to detect Ras in sampe A and sample B. You find that sample B gives a darker…

A: First of all, Western Blot is a technique which is used to detect the expression of protein from…

Q: Based on the following wild type DNA sequence, indicate if each of the mutations should be…

A: A mutation is a change in a DNA sequence. Mutations can result from DNA copying mistakes made during…

Q: Define about CRISPR-Cas Infidelity ?

A: CRISPR is a technique that allows for the highly specific and rapid modification of DNA in a genome,…

Q: Northern blotting depends on the phenomenon of the binding of aprobe to mRNA. In this technique,…

A: Northern Blotting is a blotting technique used to detect the presence of a specific ribonucleic acid…

Q: Which of the following protospacer adjacent motif sequences would be recognized by Cas9?     GCG…

A: Cas9 stands for CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) associated…

Q: What changes can be made to an mRNA transcript to be used in a vaccine in order to change its…

A: mRNA is basically composed of protein encoding ORF, surrounded by 5′ and 3′ UTRs, and a 7-methyl…

Q: How can the efficiency of homologous recombination be improved when using CRISPR-Cas9, compared to…

A: CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) is a technique derived from…

Q: Which component of the CRISPR-Cas system directly recognizes thebacteriophage DNA?

A: CRISPR(Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) is a region of DNA present in…

Q: 10) Scientists have engineered a simplified CRISPR-cas system for use in mammalian cells. What were…

A: The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) is a technology that is used…

Q: 22. Scientists now routinely use CRISPR/Cas9 to make defined deletions of a gene that can remove…

A: Hi! Since you posted many questions, we will be answering only the first one for you (question 22).…

Q: In the article "Sherlock: nucleic acid detection with CRISPR nucleases" by Max Kellner et al.…

A: The provided statements relate to the utilization of CRISPR technology in disease detection,…

Q: Why are specific RNA-primers needed? How are they created, used, and deleted?

A: DNA replication is a process that occurs in all living organisms. In this process, DNA strands of…

Q: What is the difference between crRNA and tracrRNA? Why are both needed for Cas9 to function?

A: A prokaryotic adaptive immunity system called CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short…

Q: i) Suppose we want to insert the GFP sequence after the promoter of a gene X to create a fusion…

A: The CRISPR Cas9 system is a tool for cutting a DNA at a particular location. This system has 2…

Q: Discuss the differences between CRISPR RNAi.

A: Discuss the differences between CRISPR RNAi.

Q: For what purpose the process of RNA interference has been used?

A: Ribonucleic acid (RNA) are polymeric organic molecules, which are essential for carrying out various…

Q: Describe the class II CRISPR and Cas 9 system

A: CRISPER stands for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats.  Cas 9 stands for…

Q: CRISPR-Cas9 can be used by scientists to edit genes. This system was not created in a lab, however,…

A: CRISPR-Cas 9 (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) is a natural mechanism of a…

Q: "CRISPR-Cas Is an Adaptive Immune System in Bacteria" Explain this ?

A: Bacteria is one of the common known microscopic organisms. An organism that can not be seen through…

Q: Suppose you cultured yeast, that you had transformed with pMZ379 plus the AVT5 sgRNA, on a plate of…

A: sgRNA or single guide RNA is an abbreviation that expands as “single guide RNA.”…

Defense Mechanism

Circumstances influence and compel people to behave in a certain way. One such behavior is a defense mechanism. It is employed by people to escape from unpleasant circumstances, thoughts and actions. Defense mechanisms are, thus, psychological strategies that help to avert and avoid unwanted feelings such as guilt or shame and situations such as threat and danger.