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The human skull and cranium (braincase) have evolved through which of the following
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- Match the descriptions/examples types of evidence that support evolution. 1.Biogeography 2.Comparative Embryology 3.Comparative Anatomy 4.Molecular Biology A.Organisms in New Zealand are more similar to organisms in Australia than they are to organisms in North America . B.The embryos of many species have gill pouches even though the gill pouches are not used in these species . C.The forelimbs of the human ,cat ,whale and bat have many similar bones despite the fact that the forelimbs have different functions . D.The Human genome is 98% identical to the Chimpanzee genome .This is a potential phylogenetic tree created by anthropologists at UC Berkeley.A-Ardipithecus ramidusB-Australopithecus anamensisC-Australopithecus afarensisD-Australopithecus africanusE-Paranthropus aethiopicusF-Paranthropus robustusG-Paranthropus boiseiH-Australopithecus garhiI-Homo rudolfensisJ-Homo habilusK-Homo ergasterL-Homo erectusM-Homo heidelbergensisN-Homo neanderthalensisO-Homo sapiens What kinds of evidence to you think anthropologists used to create this tree?Select the taxon that MOST CLOSELY applies to each of the statements below regarding anthropoids. Each term may be used once or not at all. Hominin genus with small head and oval birth canal. a. Homo sapiens + Species with a brain mass approximately three times larger than that of b. Homo heidelbergensis other extant hominins. c. Homo floresiensis * Species that comparative genomics suggests hybridized with Homo sapiens. d. Gigantopithecus e. Aegyptopithecus + Small-statured species found in Indonesia up to about 50,000 years ago. f. Homo neanderthalensis + Genus conjectured by some to have been responsible for the Yeti myth in southeast Asia. g. Homo h. Homo erectus i. Ardipithecus ramidus j. Proconsul k. Homo habilis 1. Australopithecus m. Australopithecus afarensis
- Which of the following represents the best examples of homologous structures (i.e. results of shared ancestry)? a. bones in an eagle wing and bones in a lion's front leg O b. sparrow wing and bee wing O c. beetle leg and chicken leg d/eyelessness in the Australian mole and eyelessness in the North American moleAll birds living today are descended from a group of dinosaurs called theropods. Theropods first appeared in the fossil record around 200 million years ago. However, fos- sils of taxa similar to modern birds can be found in the fossil record from around 66 million years ago. The table below provides information about certain traits in theropods and modern birds. An X indicates the presence of a trait. Theropods A Trait B с Bipedal D Hollow Bones Feathers Long Boney Tail Jaws with Sharp Teeth Fused Clavicle X Reversed First Toe A table that shows the comparison of traits in theropods and modern birds. X X X Modern Birds X X Each of the answer choices below describes a specific fossil. Which fossil provides the strongest evidence for the discovery of a transitional species that existed in the period between theropods and modern birds? X X X The fossil of a bipedal organism with hollow bones was found in a 100-million-year-old rock layer. The fossil of an organism with a reversed first…All of the following data types can be used as evidence of shared ancestry except similarities in _______ . a. amino acid sequence d. embryonic development b. DNA sequence e. form due to convergence c. fossil morphology f. all are appropriate
- Match the feature or characteristic to the hominin group in which they are found. Not all answers will be used and some will be used twice. -Frequently has a bony chin on the lower jaw. -Thought to be the common ancestor to both Paranthropus and Homo A. The Neanderthals Has a very large nose and bun of bone at the back of the skull, B. Homo sapiens Has a small face tucked under a short, high braincase. C Paranthropus boisei Known from Europe, the Middle East and central Asia between 30,000 and 400,000 years ago, until it was replaced by H. sapiens. D. Gracile australopithecines -Known from approximately 2.5-4.2 million years ago in East Africa.You are reading a scientific paper regarding the relationships of the anatomical and behavioral characteristics of chimpanzees and their implications for early hominid evolution. With the emphasis on anatomical and behavioral characteristics, this implies that the researchers are relying on A. Traditional classifications of chimpanzees and humans B. Nonevolutionary classifications of chimpanzees and humans C. An incorrect classification of human ancestors D. Cladistic classifications of chimpanzees and humansWhich of the following can you deduce from the cat cladogram (unscaled tree)? N Puma concolor (mtn. lion) N Puma jaguarundi (jaguarundi) N Lynx canadensis (lynx) N Leopardus pardalis (ocelot) O Pardofelis marmorata (marbled cat) O Caracal caracal (caracal) O Panthera leo (lion) N Panthera onca (jaguar) O Canis lupus (wolf) O Homo sapiens (human)
- Homo floresiensis describe the fossil/ DNA etc. and where it comes from. Describe what makes this species different from previously discovered species. Describe one way it changes our understanding of human evolution.There is no concrete evidence of which early hominin was our direct ancestor, as fossils do not contain genetics. Overall, the Australopithecines are the "missing link" bridging our ape to human transition. Each species, and there are a few, includes a combination of traits considered more ape-like or more human-like. How does this affect society feelings/views/ideas about early human evolution and what the "missing link" should or should not be.What can we say about Homo sapiens? Select one: O a. Originated in Africa, shared a common ancestor with Neanderthals, Denisovans, and most likely descendants from a group related to Homo heildenbergensis O b. Migrated out of Africa, most likely 2 million years ago, hybridized with Homo floresiensis and differentiated from other Homo as the sole species to evolved language. O c. Migrated from Ethiopia 200,000 years ago, hybridized with Denisovans and Neanderthals to later replace them O d. Is the result of hybridization between Neanderthals and Denisovans, only lineage to show bipedalism and posses the largest brain capacity of all Homo O e. A and C are correct
