Consider the following graph depicting the industry aggregate marginal abatement costs. The government is considering introducing an emission trading scheme where 140 domestic emission permits would be made available and allocated using an ascending uniform price auction. While the domestic auction takes place, international permits are also available at the price of $40 per permit. Firms can purchase international permits. The price of international permits is known to the firms. Choose the correct answers to the questions from the lists of available answers. Marginal Abatement Cost - Industry

The table below shows current carbon emissions and the cost of reducing carbon emissions for three industrial firms. The government introduces a cap-and-trade policy to regulate carbon emissions. The total cap on emissions is 180 tonnes of carbon, and each firm receives an initial allocation of tradable permits for 60 tonnes of carbon emissions. Current carbon emissions Firm A B C (tonnes) 80 100 70 a. Firm A will buy 40 emission ✓ Firm C. Cost of reducing emissions by 1 ton ($) 150 200 50 Firm B will sell 20 emissior Firm C. Instructions: Round your answer to the nearest whole number. b. To break even, the selling firm must receive $ 150

Consider two firms with the following marginal abatement costs (MAC) as a function of emissions (E): MAC 1 10 - .5E_1 = MAC 2 20 E_2, = - and assume marginal external damages (MED) from the aggregate emissions of both firms (E_Agg = E_1 + E_2) is: MED = .5E_Agg. To achieve the socially efficient level of aggregate emissions (E*_Agg), the government institutes a cap and trade policy and sets the permit cap equal to F

Given the following information:  Initially, a perfectly competitive market for a product is in equilibrium, with an upward-sloping straight-line market supply curve, a downward-sloping straight-line market demand curve, and a market price of $30 per unit.  Consumption of this product causes pollution.  Initially, the marginal external cost of the pollution caused by consuming the product is $9 per unit.  There is no government policy toward the externality. The government then mandates a shift to a new product version, and all firms adopt and produce the latest version.  Consumers view the new product version as equally as good as the initial product version. Consumption of the new version of the product causes less pollution, and the marginal external cost decreases by $3 per unit.  For each firm, production of the new product version does not change fixed cost, but it does increase average variable cost by $3 per unit. If necessary, the market adjusts to a new equilibrium.  There is…

Imagine a firm’s marginal abatement cost function with existing technologies is: MAC = 100 – 2E. If the firm adopts new pollution abatement technologies, its marginal abatement cost function will be: MAC = 50 – E.  If the government raises the tax on emissions from $4 to $12, the benefits of adopting the new technologies increase by $____

Suppose that a firm's marginal abatement cost function with existing technologies is MAC = 12  - E. If the firm adopts new pollution abatement technologies, then its marginal abatement cost function will become MAC = 6  - 0.5E. With an emissions tax of $4, the benefits of adopting the new technologies equal $____. Please round your final answer to two decimal places if necessary. THE ANSWER IS NOT 16  Maybe 4?

Consider an industry with two firms that emit a uniformly mixed air pollutant (e.g., carbon dioxide). The marginal abatement cost functions for Firm 1 and Firm 2 are: MAC1 = 100 - e1 MAC2 = 100 - 4e2 Aggregate emissions for the industry are denoted as E = e1 + e2. 1. In an unregulated environment how many units of emissions does each firm emit?             Firm 1’s unregulated level of emissions ____________             Firm 2’s unregulated level of emissions ____________             Total unregulated level of emissions ______________ Suppose a regulator has a goal of reducing the total level of emissions from the amount from the amount you answered in [1] to 25 units. The regulator would like to achieve the goal of 25 units of total emissions in a cost-effective way. To do so it issues 25 permits, 10 are given to Firm 1 and 15 are given to Firm 2. A firm can only emit a unit of pollution if they have a permit for that unit, otherwise they must abate. After the permits are allocated,…

Example: Question 4a.) Arthur’s demand to reduce electric and magnetic fields (EMFs) is P = 20 – 2 Q, whileRonald’s demand is P = 15 – 3 Q. If the marginal cost of reducing emissions is equal to$15 and is constant, what is the optimal amount of EMF reduction? b.) What Lindahl prices would you charge Arthur and Ronald? What might prevent you fromcollecting these prices?c.) How would your answers change if the marginal cost of reducing emissions was equal to$10 and is constant?d.) What are the consumer surpluses of Arthur and Ronald in c.)?

Firms in a polluting industry can be classified in two groups: newer firms with a cleaner technology that can abate pollution at a lower marginal cost MCLA = (1/2)aL and older firms with dirtier MCHA = aH, where ai is the level of abatement undertaken by firms of type i = L, H. The social marginal benefit of abating pollution from this particular industry is MBA= 120 - A, where A is the aggregate level of abatement in that industry. To design an efficient emissions standard, the government needs to determine which is the efficient abatement allocation (aL, aH). In order to do this, obtain a cost effective abatement allocation (aL, aH)that provides an aggregate abatement level A = aL + aH, and then proceed to determine the efficient level A (Hint: You should obtain that MCA = A=3)

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