Consider the 16-QAM digital modulation scheme (a) What does the abbreviation QAM stand for? (b) Sketch an I-Q constellation diagram for this modulation scheme. (c) State the number of bits per symbol. (d) If the bit rate that is achieved with this modulation scheme is 256 Mbit s-, what is the baud (symbol) rate?
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- Q4. Consider the QPSK digital modulation scheme (a) What does the abbreviation QPSK stand for? (b) Sketch an I-Q constellation diagram for this modulation scheme. (c) State the number of bits per symbol. (d) If the bit rate that is achieved with this modulation scheme is 128 Mbit s-, what is the baud (symbol) rate?Q4. Consider the rectangular 16-QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation) digital modulation scheme (a) Sketch an I-Q constellation diagram for this modulation scheme. (b) State the number of bits per symbol. (c) If the bit rate that is achieved with this modulation scheme is 24 Mbit s-1, what is the baud (symbol) rate?Q3. b) Suppose you want to transmit the 10-bit message [101101101] by Pulse code Modulation (PCM). Using clearly labeled diagrams, show the encoding the bit sequence using the following PCM waveform types: i) Bipolar RZ Signal ii) RZ-AMI iii) Bi – o - L iv) Delay modulation
- Consider the baseband signaling of the textual message 'OK' (excluding the quotes) in a wired DCS using binary line codes. Assume to bit duration is 1 ms. (a) Covert the message "OK" into a bit stream based on the 6-bit ASCII standard. (b) Describe mathematically and plot the non-return to zero code. evel (NRZ-L) line Stu (c) Describe mathematically and plot the bi-o-L (Manchester) line code. (d) escribe mathematically and plot the bipolar level line code.How do you differentiate digital modulation from analog modulation? For a given bit sequence 010011110 draw the modulated signal of type (i) ASK, (ii) PSK, (ii) FSK. Draw the QPSK modulator and which modulation technique could be useful for modemDiscussion: 1. What are the advantages of PCM system over other types of modulation systems? 2. What are the types of representing binary numbers? 3. The central operation in the generating PCM is the Digital to Analog (A/D) converter. Describe briefly the several techniques that are used in success system. 4. What is meant by the Quantization Partition and Quantization Codebook? 5. Discuss the obtained results.
- Question 5: a) In the context of WCDMA, answer the following questions: What is the chip rate of WCDMA? i. ii. What is the duration for WCDMA frame? iii. For the figure shown below, what is the spreading factor? Symbol iv. V. vi. vii. Data Spreading code Spread signal Datax code Spreading What is the corresponding processing gain? For the figure shown below, what is the multiplexing mode used? Uplink Downlink Frequency Time WCDMA has a frequency reuse of 1 between different cells. What does that mean? If fast fading occurs when the path difference between two received signals is half wavelength. Calculate the path difference at a frequency equals to 2 GHz.A new floating point representation is proposed so that implicit normalization to the mantissa and biased exponent. The representation is similar to that of IEEE 754 format i.e., Bias = (2k - 1) because it is %3D used to represent + 0, t oo. Let 4 bit biased exponent and, 7-bit mantissa is placed in 12 bit register as shown below. E (4) Which of the following pattern denote the value 14.25?7. Given the following ASK signal (Note: vertical lines denote bit divisions): (single bit)) (Lower Voltage '0', Higher Voltage '1') (MSB on the left) A E a. m 1 t U d 10 M e -5 -10+ a) What is the resulting bit stream? b) What is the bit rate? c) What ASCII character was transmitted Time(ns) 160
- Consider the data sequence 10000011000010 Encode the sequence using HDB3. A digital link uses a channel that can convey frequency from dc to B Hz. Suppose the line coding NRZ Polar is used to send a maximum data rate of 100 Mbits/s using raised cosine pulse with roll-factor a = 0.6. (i) What is the symbol rate of the code? (ii) What is the minimum value of B?19. With necessary diagrams and equations, describe the operation of different types of single-phase PWM inverters. Compare multiple-pulse and sinusoidal pulse modulation schemes with single-phase PWM scheme.Q31)The bit rate for American PCM-24 system is a. 2.048 Mb/s b. 1.544 Mb/s c. 8 kb/s d. 64 kb/s This multiple choice question from DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS course.just write for me the final answer.