Compare the osmoregulatory problems and adaptations of a hypo-osmotic shallow marine fish, a hyperosmotic freshwater fish, a deep-sea fish, a salmon, and a terrestrial vertebrate
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Compare the osmoregulatory problems and adaptations of a hypo-osmotic shallow marine fish, a hyperosmotic freshwater fish, a deep-sea fish, a salmon, and a terrestrial vertebrate
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- What are the osmotic challenges faced by marine animals like fish? Describe how they cope with these challenges to maintain solute and water balance in their tissues.In the aquatic world, osmoregulation is very important. Please describe what would happen at the cellular level as well as organismal level to a freshwater fish that is placed in salt water.a) The process by which salmon maintain an internal balance is called osmoregulation. Describe how salmon achieve osmoregulation as they migrate between fresh and saltwater environments. b) Describe what happens to salmon in fresh water. What direction do solutes tend to move via diffusion? What direction does water tend to move via osmosis?
- Describe the underlying osmoregulation issues that aquatic and terrestrial animals confront, as well as their solutions for overcoming them. Emphasize how their osmoregulatory organs have modified.Young downstream salmon migrants moving from their freshwater natal streams into the sea leave an environment nearly free of salt to enter one containing three times as much salt as their body fluids. Describe osmotic challenges of each environment and suggest phys-iological adjustments salmon must make in moving from freshwater to the seaDiscuss the contrasting osmotic problems faced by freshwater and marine teleost fish, and the mechanism by which these fish address these problems in order to remain in osmotic balance.
- A marine invertebrate such as the anemone is described as an 1.) Osmoregulator 2.) Osmomanipulator 3.) Osmoconformer 4.) Osmosupressor 5.) OsmodictatorThe diagram below of part of a nephron shows some of the pressure gradients that are involved in the movement of fluids from blood to the glomerular filtrate within the Bowman's capsule. The numbers represent hydrostatic pressure in kPA. Afferent arteriole (9.32) Glomerulus Efferent arteriole (2.34) -Bowman's caps Colloid osmotic pressure of the plasma in the glomerular capillaries (4.26) Net fitration Distal convoluted Proximal convoluted tubule tubule (1.33)Explain and contrast osmoregulation in freshwater and saltwater fish.
- Compare the osmotic problem and the mechanism of osmotic regula-tion in freshwater and marine bony fishes.Describe one adaptation for osmoregulation in freshwater animals, saltwater animals, and saltwater plants.Many, but not all, marine fishes are simultaneously both osmoregulators and ionoregulators. Say that a friend caught a fish off of the Cape Cod coast where the seawater has an osmotic pressure of 1,050 mosmol.L-1 and a Na+ concentration of 450 mmol.L-1. Which of the following plasma compositions might reasonably be consistent with your friend's fish being such an osmoregulating and ionoregulating species? A. plasma osmotic pressure = 350 mosmol.L-1; plasma Na+ concentration = 430 mmol.L-1 B. plasma osmotic pressure = 1,050 mosmol.L-1; plasma Na+ concentration = 450 mmol.L-1 C. plasma osmotic pressure = 1,035 mosmol.L-1; plasma Na+ concentration = 170 mmol.L-1 D. plasma osmotic pressure = 355 mosmol.L-1; plasma Na+ concentration = 161 mmol.L-1 E. None of the above answer choices correctly answers the question.