Which of the following statements about action potentials and information transmission in the synaptic cleft is FALSE? 1. Action potentials determine the amount of neurotransmitters that are released into the synaptic cleft 2.Action potentials ultimately result in more calcium leaving the target cell at the postsynaptic membrane 3. Action potentials determine the duration that neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft 4. Action potentials ultimately result in more calcium entering the neuron at the axon terminal

Which of the following statements about action potentials and information transmission in the synaptic cleft is FALSE? 1. Action potentials determine the amount of neurotransmitters that are released into the synaptic cleft 2.Action potentials ultimately result in more calcium leaving the target cell at the postsynaptic membrane 3. Action potentials determine the duration that neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft 4. Action potentials ultimately result in more calcium entering the neuron at the axon terminal

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter39: Information Flow And The Neuron

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 7TYK: Which of the following does not contribute to propagation of action potentials? a. As the area...

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Which of the following statements best describes saltatory conduction? a. It inhibits direct neurotransmitter release. b. It transmits the action potential at the nodes of Ranvier andthus speeds up impulses on myelinated axons. c. It increases neurotransmitter release at the presynapticmembrane. d. It decreases neurotransmitter uptake at chemically gatedpostsynaptic channels. e. It removes neurotransmitters from the synaptic cleft.
Which of the following statements are true with regards to the differences between a neuromuscular junction, and a standard central nervous system (CNS) synapse? Select all that apply. O The neuromuscular junction is a synapse between a neuron (alpha motor neuron) and a muscle fibre. CNS synapses connect two neurons. The graded potential generated by a neuromuscular junction has a much larger voltage than that of a CNS synapse. The structure of the neuromuscular junction ensures that an action potential in the alpha motor neuron always results in an action potential in the post-synaptic muscle fibre. CNS synapses do not guarantee this. The neuromuscular junction always uses Acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter, whereas CNS synapses may use a variety of neurotransmitters depending on their location and function
Events Leading to the Release of a Neurotransmitter 1. Action potential passes along an axon and over the surface of its synaptic knob. 2. Synaptic knob membrane becomes more permeable to calcium ions, and they diffuse inward. 3. In the presence of calcium ions, synaptic vesicles fuse to synaptic knob membrane. 4. Synaptic vesicles release their neurotransmitter into synaptic cleft.
1. What could you correctly say about the Bundle of His? a. Changes in its rhythm of firing would be classified as dromotropic effects b. Cells within it rely on calcium-induced calcium release c. Cells within it would participate in inotropic effects d. Cells within it make force 2. Which of the following is/are true regarding all of the action potentials that we have learned about in class thus far? (Hint - the 3 types are neuronal, ventricular, nodal) a. They all have the fast inward sodium current that is responsible for initial depolarization b. They all carry a calcium current c. They all last over 100ms d. They all have a repolarizing potassium current e. All answers are true
If action potential propagation from one neuron to another neuron requires ACh release, what event at the synaptic cleft explains the need for action potentials to arrive at a high rate before the post-synaptic membrane achieves threshold? the lack of sodium voltage gated channels on the post-synaptic membrane O the rapid breakdown of ACh by ACHE at the synaptic cleft the slow release of ACh by the synaptic vessicles the slow movement of sodium through chemical gates Previous Next MacBook Air
6. Identify the following structures on an image of a synapse: Postsynaptic neuron Presynaptic neuron Neurotransmitter Synaptic cleft Synaptic vesicles Receptor for neurotransmitter Cell adhesion molecules Axon terminal 7. hore CAFE Describe the actions of sodium and potassium during action potential generation as it relates to depolarization, repolarization, and hyperpolarization. State the directional flow of each ion and the state of the gated channels for each stage. See figure 12.15 in the textbook.
Which of the following neuronal changes is associated with short term synaptic strength? O a. Changes in the size of neural spines o b. Changes in the shape of neural spines с. Increased production of neurotransmitter vesicles in the presynaptic cell o d. Increased buildup of Ca²+ in the terminal knob of the presynaptic axon О е. Increased expression of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptors
1 1 2 3 1 4 5 | 7 Use choices from the following word bank to fill in the blanks 13-22: Calcium ions Myosin Action potential Acetylcholine Troponin Synaptic cleft T-tubules Motor end plate Axon АТР An action potential travels down the 13. Axons neuron until it of the motor reaches the presynaptic terminal. Theaction patential causes the release of the neurotransmitter 14. Acetylcholine presynaptic terminal. This neurotransmitter diffuses across the 15.Synaptic cleft from the and binds to its receptors on the 16. Motor endplate This binding creates an Action potential sarcolemma and down the 17. which travels down the 18. T-Tubules sarcoplasmic reticulum to the terminal cisternae of the where it causes the release of 19: The substance released in #19 binds to 20. and uncovers active (binding) sites on the thin filament. Then the contraction cycle beginswith the 21, pulling headsforming cross bridges, pivoting and the thin filament. In order to detach #21, the molecule 22. must bind. #22…
Events in Synaptic Signal Transmission 1. Neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft. 2. Neurotransmitters bind to ion channels. 3. Sodium ions enter into the dendrites. 4. Neurotransmitters are returned to the axon terminal, broken down by the enzymes or diffused away from the synapse. 5. Action potential arrives in axon terminal. 6. Synaptic vesicles containing the neurotransmitters fuse with the presynaptic membrane. 7. lon channels open. The sequence in which the events numbered above are involved in the signal transmission across the synapse is ,and
1. Explain what would happens if pre-synaptic calcium channels were blocked by a drug or other ligand 2. Describe the events that occur during action potential
Curare is a dangerous poison extract from plants that can block the binding site of Acetylcholine receptor channels in neuromuscular junctions. Which of the following molecular events will curare directly inhibit or prevent from occurring? Action potential traveling down the sarcoplasmic reticulum End-plate potential forming Release of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum Release of Acetylcholine from axon terminals
Arrange the events that occur during synaptic transmission. Use letters A-F to denote the correct sequence. Use the diagram on the right as a clue. Example: SENDING NEURON B 1. lon channel opens Synepto SYNAPSE 1. lon channel opens 2. Neurotransmitter is released into synaptic cleft SYNAPTIC CLEFT RECEVING HEURC4 Neurotransmitter 3. Vesicle fuses with plasma membrane Jon chennels Neurotransmtter Reseptor deurotranemitter brohen down and sa sd 4. Neurotransmitter binds to receptor BOns 前命 5. Action potential arrives 6. lon channel closes the obeicos in the bo y belo M (A n