Choose which among the following is the correct sequence of the three lines of defense against pathogens? A.barriers that exclude pathogens → adaptive immunity → innate immunity B.barriers that exclude pathogens → innate immunity → adaptive immunity C.adaptive immunity → barriers that exclude pathogens → innate immunity D.innate immunity → adaptive immunity → barriers that exclude pathogens

Choose which among the following is the correct sequence of the three lines of defense against pathogens? A.barriers that exclude pathogens → adaptive immunity → innate immunity B.barriers that exclude pathogens → innate immunity → adaptive immunity C.adaptive immunity → barriers that exclude pathogens → innate immunity D.innate immunity → adaptive immunity → barriers that exclude pathogens

Human Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305112100

Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan

Chapter9: Immunity And Disease

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3RQ: What is the difference between innate immunity and adaptive immunity?

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Explain why each choice (a-d) is correct or incorrect. B lymphocytes are categorized as part of the adaptive branch of the immune system for all of the following reasons but one. Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons B lymphocytes are considered part of the adaptive immunity? a.They produce memory cells when activated. b.Their receptors will bind to only one antigen. c.They require co-stimulation from an activated T helper cell d. They are a first line of defense that can begin killing pathogens immediately
Considering the mechanisms of innate immunity, which of the following pairs is accurately matched? Select one: a. Neutrophils – increase in number in response to bacterial infections b. Complement – slow the spread of viral infections c. Interferons – assist antibodies in the destruction of pathogens d. Eosinophil – recognize abnormal cells, such as cancer cells
What is innate immunity? List the four types of barriers which protect the body from the entry of the foreign agents.
Which of the following cells is important in the innateimmune response?a. B cellsb. T cellsc. macrophagesd. plasma cells
consider the figure below that shows time on the X axis and number of antigen- specific adaptive immune cells on the Y- axis. This figure provides a general accounting of an adaptive immune response that can be broken down into five stages.a. what is happening in stages 1 &2 that increases the number of cells ? b. what is happening to cells after 2 to cause a reduction of cell numbers? Phases of adaptive immune responses Recognition phase Activation phase Antigen elimination Contraction (homeostasis) Memory Antibody- producing Effector T cell Elimination of antigens lymphocyte Differentiation Humoral immunity Cell-mediated mmunity Surviving memory cells Antigen presenting cell Apoptosis Clonal expansion Naive T lymphocyte Naive B lymphocyte Days after 14 antigen exposure Need for proliferation and differentiation results in delay (typically 4-7 days) in the adaptive immune response
Concerning the adaptive immunity, which of the following statements is CORRECT: a. The adaptive immune response occurs very rapidly b. The adaptive immune response leads to us remembering antigens c. The adaptive immune response occurs mainly in the thymus d. The adaptive immune response is mostly dependent on antibodies e. The adaptive immune response is mostly dependent on the complement cascade 46) Concerning acute inflammation, which of the following statements is INCORRECT: a. localised redness occurs because of hyperaemia b. localised heat occurs because of increased bloodflow c. Release of bradykinins and other inflammatory mediators causes localised paind. swelling occurs because capillary permeability is reduced, preventing plasma recirculatione. Inflammatory chemicals at the site of inflammation act as chemotactic agents
What does innate mean? How is the innate immune system different from the adaptive immune system? Compare the strategies of innate immunity with strategies of adaptive immunity. Give specific examples. How do vaccines protect us from diseases? Which cells in the immune system become activated after the injection? Your answer should be written as 2 or more paragraphs with a total word count of 400 or more.
Acquired or adaptive immunity can be divided in to Natural Active, Natural Passive, Artificial Active, and Artificial Passive Immunity. Which types will lead to long lasting immune protection? Which will provide short term protection?
In innate immunity: A. the immunity to a substance is produced only after exposure to that substance and each time the body is exposed to a particular substance, the response is the same. B. immunity to a substance is produced only after exposure to that substance. C. each time the body is exposed to a particular substance, the response is the same. D. the ability to recognize and remember a particular substance is important. Which of the following statements regarding the lymphatic system is not true? A. Lymph originates from excess cellular fluid B. Lymph nodes trap bacteria C. Swelling of the lymph nodes indicates dysfunction of the lymphatic system D. Swelling of the lymph nodes indicates proper functioning of the lymphatic system
Figure shows a series of events for the response in innate immune defense. a)State ONE main event happening in J in fighting pathogens. b)Natural killer cell has the ability to kill virus-infected cells and tumour cells rapidly. How do natural killer cells in event K recognise and kill these cells?
What are the roles of the innate immune system? Select all that apply. A. identity self vs. non-self B. provide a physical barrier to infection C. initiate inflammation D. suppress proliferation E. call for help from the adaptive immune system F. circulate fluids through the lymphatic system
a.) compare and contrast innate and adaptive immunity. b.) explain why cooperation between innate and adaptive immunity helps enhance the immune response. please be sure to answer the question in detail