Benzaldehyde is produced from toluene by the following catalytic reaction (see figure): Dry air and toluene vapor are fed to the reactor at 350 F and 1 atm. Air is supplied 100% in excess. Of the toluene that is fed to the reactor, 13% reacts to form benzaldehyde and 0.5% reacts with oxygen to form CO2 and H2O. The gases produced leave the reactor at 379 F and 1 atm. Water is circulated through the jacket surrounding the reactor, and it enters at 20 ° C and exits at 55 ° C. Calculate: a. Moles of benzaldehyde formed (mol)?Note: Do not use decimals for your answer. b. Moles of toluene that did not react (mol)? c. Moles of water generated (mol)? d. Moles of carbon dioxide generated (mole)? e. Moles of oxygen that do not react (mol)?  f. Reactor heat transfer rate (kJ / h) g. Cooling water flow rate (cm3 / h)

If a polymer sample contains an equal number of moles of species with degrees of polymerization x = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, what are the number-average and weight-average degrees of polymerization ? [Ans. DP = 5.5; DP, = 7] EXERCISES 4.1 4.2 One gram of polymer A (DPn = 1000, DP = 2000) is mixed with 2 g of polymer B (DP = 2000, DP,= 5000). Calculate the degree of polymerization of the mixture that would be derived from osmotic pressure measurements at several concentrations. [Ans. DPn = 1500; DPw = 4000] %3D 4.3 Polyethylenes A, B, and C from three sources are to be blended to achieve a weight- average molecular weight of 210,000 and polydispersity index (PDI) of 3.0. How much of each polymer should be used to obtain 10,000 kg blend ? Weight-average mol. wt. 130,000 Polyethylene PDI A 2.50 2.00 220,000 400,000 [Hint: Mw = Ewi(Mw)i; 1/Mn = Ewi/(Mn)i; PDI = Mw[Mn.] [Ans. A = 1892 kg, B = 5776 kg, C = 2332 kg; (Total 10,000 kg)] 2.50 %3D 4.4 Polymer samples A and B are…

1. Liquid water mixed with a recycle stream is fed to a heater to raise the temperature to 150°C at 100 kPa. The heater effluent is fed to the reactor along with a carbonmonoxide (CO) stream for the following reaction: co + H20 CO2 + H2 The ratio in the reactor inlet is 2 mol CO/ 3 mol H20 and the conversion of the limiting reactant in the reactor is 50 %. The outlet stream of the reactor passes to a condenser where the temperature decreases to 60°C at a constant pressure of 100 kPa. The top stream containing the gas phase is taken off as product and the condensed stream is recycled to the heater. Calculate: a) the composition of the product stream. b) the required fresh water. * Suppose that the only condensable component in the reactor effluent is water. *Saturated pure vapor pressure of water at 60°C is 20 kPa.

Ammonia is oxidized in a continuous reactor 4NH3 g + 5O2 g --> 4NO g + 6H2O g delta AHr= -904.7KJ mol The feed stream (40 mole% NH3 and 60 mole% O2 )enters the reactor at 200 degrees celsius with 80% conversion of ammonia and the products leave at 300 degrees celsius. Determine the quantity of heat required to be added or removed from the reactor.

Use the chemical reaction below to answer the following questions HCI(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl (aq) + H2O (I) AH298 = -58 kJ/mol (a) How much heat is produced when 200 mL of 0.3 M HCL (density = 1.00 g/mL) and 250 mL of 0.25 M NaOH (density = 1.00 g/mL) are mixed? (b) If both of the solutions at the same temperature and the heat capacity of the products are 5.39 J/g °C , how much will the temperature increase? (c) What assumptions are made when calculating your answers

Follow the standard energy balance steps to determine the water condensed and the heat removed from a humid air stream. The feed stream contains 12 wt% water (balance is air), has a temperature of 250°C and a pressure of 1 atm. The exit gas stream is at 1 atm and 25°C. The exit vapor composition should be determined from the psychrometric chart (saturated). The heat of vaporization of water at 25°C is 44.0 kJ/mol. Draw a picture and label appropriately (Basis: 1 kg/s feed). a. b. Perform a degree of freedom analysis. c. Write appropriate equations. d. Complete all material balances. e. Specify reference states.

A furnace burns 10 kg/s of fuel oil (C = 86%, H = 10%, S = 4%). Measurements carried out at the base of the chimney indicate that the CO2 content is 12.8% and the temperature of the gases at this point is 200°C. Determine: a) The volumetric flow (m3/h) of gas in the chimney; b) The density of the flue gases at the chimney temperature.

DO NOT SOLVE PROBLEM. Please just calculate extent of reaction and flow rates of each component in the reaction.

Follow the standard energy balance steps to determine the water condensed and the heat removed from a humid air stream. The feed stream contains 18 wt% water (balance is air), has a temperature of 200°C and a pressure of 1 atm. The exit gas stream is at 1 atm and 30°C. The exit vapor composition should be determined from the psychrometric chart (saturated). The heat of vaporization of water at 30°C is 43.8 kJ/mol. a. Draw a picture and label appropriately (Basis: 1 kg/s feed). b. Perform a degree of freedom analysis. c. Write appropriate equations. d. Complete all material balances. e. Specify reference states. f. Construct and fill out enthalpy table. Define variables for unknown enthalpies. Species/Phase min (kg/s) H₂O (v) Air (g) H₂O (1) g. Determine unknown enthalpies. ĤIn (kJ/mol) mout (kg/s) Hout (kJ/mol)

A countercurrent extraction system uses 3 steps for acid extraction acetic acid/water/isopropyl ether at 20°C and 1 atm. The feed consists of 40% (by mass) of acetic acid and 60% (by mass) of water. The feed is 2000 kg/h. The solvent used contains 1% (by mass) of acetic acid. It is necessary that the raffinate at the exit of the extractor contains 5% of acetic acid (by mass).  Determine: The amount of solvent, extract in MS and raffinate R1  Equilibrium data: Equilibrium diagrams of the ternary system: acetic acid/water/isopropyl ether(in mass fractions at 20°C and 1 atm).