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If a firm plans to issue new stock, flotation costs (investment bankers' fees) should not be ignored. There are two approaches to use to account for flotation costs. The first approach is to add the sum of flotation costs for the debt, preferred, and common stock and add them to the initial investment cost. Because the investment cost is increased, the project's expected
The difference between the flotation-adjusted
Quantitative Problem: Barton Industries expects next year's annual dividend, D1, to be $1.70 and it expects dividends to grow at a constant rate g = 4.7%. The firm's current common stock price, P0, is $23.60. If it needs to issue new common stock, the firm will encounter a 5.2% flotation cost, F. Assume that the cost of equity calculated without the flotation adjustment is 12% and the cost of old common equity is 11.5%. What is the flotation cost adjustment that must be added to its cost of
%
What is the cost of new common equity considering the estimate made from the three estimation methodologies? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places.

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- If a firm plans to issue new stock, flotation costs (investment bankers' fees) should not be ignored. There are two approaches to use to account for flotation costs. The first approach is to add the sum of flotation costs for the debt, preferred, and common stock and add them to the initial investment cost. Because the investment cost is increased, the project's expected rate of return is reduced so it may not meet the firm's hurdle rate for acceptance of the project. The second approach involves adjusting the cost of common equity as follows: Cost of equity from new stock = r, D1 +8 Po(1-F) The difference between the flotation-adjusted cost of equity and the cost of equity calculated without the flotation adjustment represents the flotation cost adjustment. Quantitative Problem: Barton Industries expects next year's annual dividend, D1, to be $1.90 and it expects dividends to grow at a constant rate g = 4.3%. The firm's current common stock price, Po, is $25.00. If it needs to issue…arrow_forwardThe Cost of Capital: Cost of New Common Stock If a firm plans to issue new stock, flotation costs (investment bankers' fees) should not be ignored. There are two approaches to use to account for flotation costs. The first approach is to add the sum of flotation costs for the debt, preferred, and common stock and add them to the initial investment cost. Because the investment cost is increased, the project's expected return is reduced so it may not meet the firm's hurdle rate for acceptance of the project. The second approach involves adjusting the cost of common equity as follows:The difference between the flotation-adjusted cost of equity and the cost of equity calculated without the flotation adjustment represents the flotation cost adjustment. Quantitative Problem: Barton Industries expects next year's annual dividend, D1, to be $1.80 and it expects dividends to grow at a constant rate g = 4.2%. The firm's current common stock price, P0, is $20.60. If it needs to issue new common…arrow_forwardDetermining the Cost of Capital: Cost of New Common Stock If a firm plans to issue new stock, flotation costs (investment bankers' fees) should not be ignored. There are two approaches to use to account for flotation costs. The first approach is to add the sum of flotation costs for the debt, preferred, and common stock and add them to the initial investment cost. Because the investment cost is increased, the project's expected return is reduced so it may not meet the firm's hurdle rate for acceptance of the project. The second approach involves adjusting the cost of common equity as follows:LThe difference between the flotation-adjusted cost of equity and the cost of equity calculated without the flotation adjustment represents the flotation cost adjustment. Quantitative Problem: Barton Industries expects next year's annual dividend, D1, to be $1.70 and it expects dividends to grow at a constant rate gL = 5%. The firm's current common stock price, P0, is $23.60. If it needs to issue…arrow_forward
- If an investment project has a negative net present value (NPV), which one of the following statements about the internal rate of return (IRRT) of this project must be true? Select the correct response: The IRR is negative. The IRR is less than the company's weighted average cost of capital. The IRR is equal to zero. The IRR is greater than the company's weighted average cost of capital.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is FALSE? a) The Capital Asset Pricing Model is the most important method for estimating the cost of capital that is used in practice. b) Because the risk that determines expected returns is unsystematic risk, which is measured by beta, the cost of capital for an investment is the expected return available on securities with the same beta. c) A common assumption is that a project has the same risk as the firm. d) To determine a project's cost of capital we need to estimate its beta.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is CORRECT? a. WACC calculations should be based on the before-tax costs of all the individual capital components. b. Flotation costs associated with issuing new common stock normally reduce the WACC. c. An increase in the risk-free rate will normally lower the marginal costs of both debt and equity financing. d. A change in a company's target capital structure cannot affect its WACC. e. If a company's tax rate increases, then, all else equal, its weighted average cost of capital will decline.arrow_forward
- In a few sentences, answer the following question as completely as you can. Why should financial decision makers obtain a good estimate of a firm’s cost of capital? What are the consequences of using a discount rate that is higher or lower than a firm’s true required return?arrow_forwardSeveral factors affect a firm’s need for external funds. Evaluate the effect of each following factor and place a check next to each factor that is likely to increase a firm’s need for external capital—that is, its AFN (additional funds needed). Check all that apply. The firm increases its dividend payout ratio. The firm switches its supplier for the majority of its raw materials. The new supplier offers less favorable credit terms and thus reduces the trade credit available to the firm, resulting in a reduction in accounts payable. The firm improves its production system and increases its profit margin. Accounts payable and accrued liabilities represent obligations that the firm must pay off. Assuming everything else holds constant, if they increase, the firm’s AFN will_________ .arrow_forwardWhy do come companies prefer to use discounting in their capital investment decisions? What is a risk associated with this discounting model?arrow_forward
- Which of the following formulas is INCORRECT? g = retention rate × return on new investment. When return on equity is equal to the cost of equity, shareholders will prefer the firms' management to increase the payout ratio. When return on new investment is more than the cost of equity, the share price is expected to increase. g = (1 – payout rate) x return on new investment.arrow_forwardSolve this problemarrow_forwardYour firm faces relatively lower carrying costs and relatively higher shortage costs. Additionally, your firm takes on a higher amount of long-term financing and invests the excess into marketable securities. Which of the following statements is true? With regard to the level of investment in current assets, your firm has a restrictive policy. With regard to the financing of the current assets, your firm has a flexible policy. With regard to both the level of investment in current assets and the financing of the current assets, your firm has a relatively flexible policy. With regard to the level of investment in current assets, your firm has a flexible policy. With regard to the financing of the current assets, your firm has a restrictive policy. With regard to both the level of investment in current assets and the financing of the current assets, your firm has a relatively restrictive policy.arrow_forward
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