b) You walk into university and see that everyone has become a unicorn. You try to hide in bluezone only to figure out that everyone can sense you. You are kidnapped by a unicorn, and they ask you: "How do kinases work?" You wake up realizing it was all a dream, but you still wonder: how do kinases work? Hydrolyze the protein and then ATP to activate it First hydrolyze ATP and then transfer Pi to activate a protein Tranfer a free Pi and then hydrolyze ATP to make more free Pi Bind GTP after releasing GDP from the alpha subunit
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- What are some of the interactions made between ATP and the kinase? Can you please describe bonds that the protein makes with (a) the phosphate groups, (b) the sugar, and (c) the adenine base? Please don't just copy answers from google.. I already read most of em.. :(Compare the three kinases - PKA, PKC, and CaMKinase II in terms of activation. What is the initial signal that activates them, what components are part of the kinase, and how does the structure modify when activated?What is the source of the ATP for the kinase reaction?
- Now that you have successfully phosphorylated tyrosine, your boss wants you to dephosphorylate it. What strategy would be the most successful in your endeavor? choose one: (1) add a phosphatase and some water (2) reduce the pH (3) add more kinase and some ATP (4) add a reducing agentWhat are kinases? Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a Enzymes which add acetyl groups to amino acids. b Enzymes which add phosphates to amino acids. C e Enzymes which remove phosphates from amino acids. Enzymes which activate proteins in signaling cascades. Enzymes which add phosphate groups to DNA.What is the difference between a protein kinase and a secondmessenger? Can both operate in the same signal transduction pathway?
- a) b) d) You, a Jojo's Bizzare Adventures fan, hear about the upcoming part 6 as an anime. You get very excited to the point where your heart just stops beating and you almost die. You are taken into the hospital and the doctor tells you that Ca2+ is not being released intracellularly, causing your heart to stop contracting. This may be due to which protein? Adenylyl Cyclase Intracellular Docking protein Protein Kinase A Phospholipase CPay close attention to the information related to figure 3.14a and the structure of the PKA catalytic site in this figure. In a few well-written sentences, propose the following: A mutation that would result in PKA becoming a dead kinase*. A mutation that would result in PKA becoming a constitutively active** kinase.You perform a competition study on a GPCR. You have isolated the plasma membrane from cells which contains the GPCR of interest. If an agonist and an inverse agonist are at equal concentrations in your study but the inverse agonist has a 10 x higher affinity for the receptor than the agonist, what would you expect to be the overall outcome to be? More of the agonist is bound and so most of the receptor is in its active conformation and is stimulated More of the inverse agonist is bound and so most of the receptor is in its inactive conformation and is unstimulated.
- Kinases are enzymes responsible for transferring the terminal phosphate of ATP to the side chains of serines, threonines, and tyrosines in proteins. This is called phosphorylation. Many kinases require autophosphorylation before they can phosphorylate other targets. Discuss how phosphorylation of Ser, Thr, and Tyr changes their chemical properties and how phosphorylation of a kinase might help make it active for other substrates..What would be the effect of inhibiting the kinase?Select statements that accurately describe receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Some RTKs are dimeric in the presence of a ligand. GTPase activity is required for autophosphorylation (cross-phosphorylation). The structure includes a transmembrane helix. The intracellular domain has kinase domains. The a subunit contains seven a helices that span the membrane. A ligand binds to the extracellular domain.