(a) Why does the labour demand curve slope downwards? (b) A garment factory’s production function is provided in the table.The gross profit per unit (difference between selling price and material cost, but not including the cost of labour) is $100. # Workers Output 1 20 2 36 3 48 4 56 5 60 6 62 (i) If the wage rate is $1,000 a week, how many workers should the factory hire? (ii) If a surge in popularity for the factory’s brand allows them to raise the product price such that the gross profit rises to $150, how many workers will the factory hire now? (iii) Calculate the number of garments produced in each of the two cases above.

9. Assume the production function of a farmer who keeps a poultry is q = f(1) = 100L05, where Lis labor (i.e., the number of people working on the farm) and q is output (number of birds). If the wage rate is w = 2 and the price per bird is p = 3, how many people should he employ? Explain your answer.

1. Suppose a short-run production function is described as Q40L 0.04L2 where L is the number of labors used each hour.

If the marginal product of labor is 50 per day, and if the market is $4.50, calculate the marginal revenue product.

An economic downturn has caused the labor demand to decrease from DO to D1. In the short-run what will be the new wage and level of employment? Wage Rate 40 35 30 ($) 25 20 20 15 10 DO 5 D1 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Quantity of Labor (Q)

A firm in a competitive market should hire workers up to the point where the value of the marginal product of labor = a. the wage b. total revenue c. total cost d. total profit

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Describe the construction of the firm’s demand curve for labour in the short run.Describe the relationship between the firm's demand curve for labour in the short-run andthe market demand curve for labour in the short-run. In particular, is one curve likely to bemore or less elastic than the other? Explain your answer.

In the short run, a tool manufacturer has a fixed amount of capital. Labor is a variable input. The cost and output structure that the firm faces is depicted in the table below. Assume the product price is $4. Calculate the marginal revenue product and the marginal resource cost, and then complete the table. Instructions: Enter your answers as whole numbers. Quantity of Labor Marginal Product Marginal Revenue Hourly Wage Rate ($) Marginal Resource Total Product Total Labor Product ($) Cost ($) (Labor) Cost ($) 10 400 5 50 es 11 420 20 8. 88 12 438 18 11 132 13 454 16 14 182 14 468 14 17 238 15 480 12 20 300 The equilibrium wage rate ($) = The equilibrium level of labor use = workers

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