ADP and inorganic phosphate are provided for oxidative phosphorylation via an: O ADP-ATP antiport and a proton-phosphate symport in the inner mitochondrial membrane. O ADP-ATP antiport and a proton-phosphate symport in the outer mitochondrial membrane. O ADP-ATP antiport in the inner mitochondrial membrane and a phosphate uniport in the mitochondrial intermembrane space O ADP-phosphate symport in the inner mitochondrial membrane

ADP and inorganic phosphate are provided for oxidative phosphorylation via an: O ADP-ATP antiport and a proton-phosphate symport in the inner mitochondrial membrane. O ADP-ATP antiport and a proton-phosphate symport in the outer mitochondrial membrane. O ADP-ATP antiport in the inner mitochondrial membrane and a phosphate uniport in the mitochondrial intermembrane space O ADP-phosphate symport in the inner mitochondrial membrane

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter2: Cell Physiology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10RE: Using the answer code on the right, indicate which form of energy production is being described: 1....

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The glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle can transport cytosolic NADH equivalents into the mitochondrial matrix (see Fig. 15.11c). In this shuttle, the protons and electrons are donated to FAD, which is reduced to FADH₂. These protons and electrons are subsequently donated to coenzyme Q in the electron transport chain. End of Chapter Problem 86a How much ATP is generated per mole of glucose when the glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle is used? (Tolerance is +/- 2%) ATP are generated per glucose.
In the 1930s, some physicians prescribed low doses of a compound called dinitrophenol (DNP) to help patients lose weight. This unsafe method was abandoned after some patients died. DNP uncouples the chemiosmotic machinery by making the lipid bilayer of the inner mitochondrial membrane leaky to H+. Chemical agents that cause this effect are called uncouplers. Explain how this could cause weight loss and also death. Considering the danger, is there any use for compounds like DNP or other uncouplers?
The majority of ATP production in aerobic cellular respiration occurs within the mitochondria during electron transport. In this phase of cellular respiration, NADH and FADH, are oxidized to become NAD+ and FAD+. The protons and electrons released during this axidation are used to establisha chemiosmotic gradient in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. The potential established by this gradient is used to convert mechanical energy into the chemical energy needed to join an inorganic phosphate on to ADP, thus creating ATP. Mitochondrial DNA Lamela er membrane Inner boundary membrane - Cristal membrane Matrin- Cristae Matrix granule Ribosome ATP synthase Intermembrane space Intracristal space Peripheral space Outer membrane Parins Mitochondrion structure by Kelvin13 (CC BY-SA 3.0) Outer membrane Cyt e ATP Synthase NADH NAD+H ATP Citric ADP acid cycle Matrix Suecinate Fumee Inner membrane Intermembrane space Mitochondrial electron transport chain by Fvasconcello (CCO) a. Analyze why…
Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding oxidative phosphorylation? The pH is higher in the matrix relative to that in the inter-membrane space. A large positive difference in reduction potential is associated with a small negative free energy change. Electrons from FADH2 enter at complex II because the reduction potential of FADH2 is greater than that of redox centers in complex I. Oxidation and phosphorylation are coupled via a proton gradient.
Referring to the figure below, explain why NADH yields more ATP than FADH2 does. Electron-transport and proton pump Oxidative phosphorylation Outer mitochondrial membrane H* -Intermembrane H+ H+ H+ space H* H+ H+ Cytochrome c H+ COQH, CoQ UU COQH2 CoQ JU U Inner mitochondrial membrane Ht e ATPase Complex II Complex II Complex IV Complex e ADP +P - Mitochondrial matrix NADH NAD+ FADH2 FAD АТР H+ -H+ H+ H20
In the presence of excess oxygen, a complete oxidation of seven molecules of glucose into carbon dioxide and water, by a yeast cell, would produce approximately ATP molecules via oxidative phosphorylation only. (Consider NADH = 3 ATP and FADH2 = 2 ATP)
The ADP-ATP antiporter in the mitochondrial inner membrane can exchange ATP for ATP, ADP for ADP and ATP for ADP and is a passive antiporter. Even though mitochondria can transport both ADP and ATP in both directions, there is a strong bias in favor of exchange of external ADP for internal ATP in actively respiring mitochondria through this antiporter. ATP4- is more negative than ADP3- and thus there is biased import of ADP into the matrix and export of ATP into the intermembrane space in respiring mitochondria. ADP, Pi, citrate and calcimycin are added to intact human mitochondria. Are a) ADP import and b) oxygen consumption and c) malate production observed? Explain your answers.
In the 1930s, some physicians prescribed low doses of a compound called dinitrophenol (DNP) to help patients lose weight. This unsafe method was abandoned after some patients died. DNP uncouples the chemiosmotic machinery by making the lipid bilayer of the inner mitochondrial membrane leaky to H+ . Explain how this could cause weight loss and death.
Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding oxidative phosphorylation? Oxidation and phosphorylation are coupled via a proton gradient. A large positive difference in reduction potential is associated with a small negative free energy change. Electrons from FADH2 enter at complex II because the reduction potential of FADH2 is greater than that of redox centers in complex I. The pH is higher in the matrix relative to that in the inter-membrane space.
The fatty acid side chains of the phospholipids in the inner mitochondrial membrane exhibit a large proportion of multiple unsaturations. As a result, will the membrane be hydrophobic or hydrophilic? Also will it be more fluid or more rigid? How do these characteristics help explain the observation that the inner membrane is impermeable to ions such as Mg2+ and Cl–? Hint: what moves these ions through the membrane?
The maintenance of a proton motive force across the inner mitochondrial membrane is crucial for continued ATP production. Surprisingly, it has been discovered that the inner membranes of certain cells contain proteins, called uncoupling proteins, that are capable of transporting protons from the intermembrane space to the mitochondrial matrix. Why would mitochondria contain transporters that essentially waste energy potential in the proton gradient?
Although the outer mitochondrial membrane is permeable to all small molecules, the inner mitochondrial membrane is essentially impermeable in the absence of specific transport proteins. Consider this information answer: If the inner mitochondrial membrane were rendered as permeable as the outer membrane, how would that affect oxidative phosphorylation? Which specific processes would stop and which remain?