Referring to the figure below, explain why NADH yields more ATP than FADH2 does. Electron-transport and proton pump Oxidative phosphorylation Outer mitochondrial membrane H* -Intermembrane H+ H+ H+ space H* H+ H+ Cytochrome c H+ COQH CoQ UU COQH2 CoQ JU D Inner mitochondrial membrane H+ e ATPase Complex Complex Complex II Complex IV II e ADP + P H+ NADH Mitochondrial matrix NAD+ FADH2 FAD АТР H* -H+ H20

Referring to the figure below, explain why NADH yields more ATP than FADH2 does. Electron-transport and proton pump Oxidative phosphorylation Outer mitochondrial membrane H* -Intermembrane H+ H+ H+ space H* H+ H+ Cytochrome c H+ COQH CoQ UU COQH2 CoQ JU D Inner mitochondrial membrane H+ e ATPase Complex Complex Complex II Complex IV II e ADP + P H+ NADH Mitochondrial matrix NAD+ FADH2 FAD АТР H* -H+ H20

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter20: Electron Transport And Oxidative Phosphorylation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 20P: Imagine that you are working with isolated mitochondria and you manage to double the ratio of...

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MON TRANSPORT CHAIN Intermembrane Space 3 ACP Mitochondrial Matrix FADH FAD Copyrighs 0200n Benmin Cummings an impii s Addson identify the importance to keep the electrons (e-) running through the electron transport chain. The electrons move to and join with ADP to form ATP Electron movement causes the body to take in axygen. The electrons will flow through ATP Synthase in order to make ATP The energy of the moving electrons will power the transport of H+ to the intermembrane space. Next Previous 00
Intermembrane Space 3 ADP 8 Mitochondrial Matrix FADH FAD 3ATR NAO NACH deydrogenese compiex Cytochrome b-c ATP Oytochrome cxidase complex comples PAOt AH Copyright 2001 Benjamin Cummings, an imprini of Addison Wesley Longman, Inc he source of the high concentration of H+ in the inter-membrane space is /are the D ATP synthase. water molecules molecules of NADH and FADH2 oxygen (O2) Dus
Complete the sentences to explain how the phosphorylation of ADP occurs. Match the words in the left column to the appropriate blanks in the sentences on the right. ADP molecules High-energy move through phosphate molecule movement releases energy to combine a intermembrane space ATP synthase H+ ions CoQ mitochondrial matrix to return to the with ADP. Reset This Help
Which of the following statements about oxidative phosphorylation is correct? O H+ ions are transferred from Complex I or Complex II to ATP synthase where ATP production occ O Proton pumps transfer electrons from the cytosol to the mitochondrial matrix as electrons are tra O The chemical and electrical gradient is established between the intermembrane space and the ma electron carriers. O ATP synthase pumps electrons back to the intermembrane space as a consequence of electrocher mitochondrial matrix. • Previous
Intermembrane Space Protein Complex of Electron H Carriers ATP Synthase Cyt C NADH NAD FADH FAD 2H + ,0, H,0 Mitochondrial Matrix ADP+ ATP Electron Transport Chain Chemiosmosis Oxidative Phosphorylation 19- Cyanide inhibits cytochrome c oxidase, a component of the electron transport chain. If cyanide poisoning occurs, would you expect the pH of the intermembrane space to increase or decrease? What effect would cyanide have on ATP synthesis? 20. Because they lose their mitochondria during development, red blood cells cannot perform aerobic respiration; however, they do perform glycolysis in the cytoplasm. Why do all cells need an energy source, and what would happen if glycolysis were blocked in a red blood cell? 21. What is the primary difference between a circular pathway and a linear pathway? 22. How do the roles of ubiquinone and cytochrome c differ from the roles of the other components of the electron transport chain? 23. What accounts for the different number of ATP molecules…
Electrons carried via NADH Electrons carried via NADH and FADH ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN AND OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION GLYCOLYSIS Glucose Pyruvate KREBS CYCLE Cytosol Mitochondrion ATF ynthase ATP ATP ATP Substrate-level phosphorylation Substrate-level phosphorylation Oxidative phosphorylation Copyng C Pearson Eaucaton e p ng RL Elergamen Cummmgs Figure 5. The Process of Cellular Respiration Explain the major events of the celluar respiration based on the given diagram.
Loss of this enzyme would be lethal to the cell CH₂-CH-CH₂ OH OH Glycerol- phosphate Loss of this enzyme would severely reduce the exchange of lipids between the cytosol and lumen P CH₂-CH-CH₂ O O I =C C=O Loss of this enzyme would lead to membrane phospholipids with identical phosphate head groups Phosphatase Acyl transferase Loss of this enzyme would result in membranes deficient in phosphatidylcholine Choline head Cytosol group ER lumen Choline phosphotransferase Loss of these enzymes would prevent lipid transfer between the ER and mitochondria Flippase lipid exchange proteins
Describe with a summary picture the aerobic respiration from glucose (CHO) all the way to Co2 and water. Highlight, with yellow the flow of H (and then electrons and protons) and in red the ATP Include: inner membrane, outer membrane, matrix, intermembrane space glycolisis, Krebs cycle (citirc acid), e.t.c. (oxidative phosphorilation) ATP synthase, NADH dehydrogenase complex, cyt b-c1complex, cyt oxidase complex, ubiquinone, cytochrome-c glucose, pyruvate, acetyl-Co-A, H2O, O2, CO2, NADH, NAD+, FADH2, e-, H+, ATP, ADP +Pi direction of the arrows, inner membrane potential, gradient of protons, inner membrane transporters, outer membrane porins
If K* and valinomycin are added to respiring cells, fully coupled ATP-synthesizing mitochondria, explain what will happen to the pH gradient and the AY. Compare the action of valinomycin with gramicidin in ATP production and electron transport.
*Explain the term chemiosmosis and include a detailed description of this process of creating ATP (ADP - ATP - ADP).
Make a concept map using all of the following terms: GlycolysisOxidation of PyruvateCitric Acid CycleElectron Transport ChainChemiosmosisGlucoseOxidative Phos.Substrate level phosphatePyruvateacetyl-CoACO2OxygenWaterreduced elec. carriers (NADH)oxidized elec. carriers (NAD+)High enerGy Elec.Low enerGy Elec.H+ GradientADP + PiATP
As electrons move from Complex I & II to Complex IV, H+ ions accumulate in the intermembrane space. Describe how these ions are then used to generate ATP using the following terms: ATP synthase, ADP, ATP, electrochemical gradient, chemiosmosis, intermembrane space, matrix.