a) What is the break-even point for the manual process (in units)? b) What is the break-even point for the mechanized process (in units)? c) A point of indifference for two processes is quantity at which each process generates the same amount of profit (review video). What is the point of indifference for the two processes? (Hint: 1) Use equations to set profit of manual process equal to mechanized process - and solve for quantity; 2) (Excel) If you have a break-even for each process – have only one cell that represents quantity that be used to calculates costs/revenues for each process and use Goal Seek to calculate quantity that would set the difference to zero). d) Which process would you select if the quantity that is sold is greater than the quantity calculated as the point of indifference? e) Which process would you select in the quantity sold is less than the quantity calculated as the point of indifference?

a) What is the break-even point for the manual process (in units)? b) What is the break-even point for the mechanized process (in units)? c) A point of indifference for two processes is quantity at which each process generates the same amount of profit (review video). What is the point of indifference for the two processes? (Hint: 1) Use equations to set profit of manual process equal to mechanized process - and solve for quantity; 2) (Excel) If you have a break-even for each process – have only one cell that represents quantity that be used to calculates costs/revenues for each process and use Goal Seek to calculate quantity that would set the difference to zero). d) Which process would you select if the quantity that is sold is greater than the quantity calculated as the point of indifference? e) Which process would you select in the quantity sold is less than the quantity calculated as the point of indifference?

Principles of Cost Accounting

17th Edition

ISBN:9781305087408

Author:Edward J. Vanderbeck, Maria R. Mitchell

Publisher:Edward J. Vanderbeck, Maria R. Mitchell

Chapter10: Cost Analysis For Management Decision Making

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 11P: Emerald Island Company is considering building a manufacturing plant in County Kerry. Predicting...

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Jonfran Company manufactures three different models of paper shredders including the waste container, which serves as the base. While the shredder heads are different for all three models, the waste container is the same. The number of waste containers that Jonfran will need during the following years is estimated as follows: The equipment used to manufacture the waste container must be replaced because it is broken and cannot be repaired. The new equipment would have a purchase price of 945,000 with terms of 2/10, n/30; the companys policy is to take all purchase discounts. The freight on the equipment would be 11,000, and installation costs would total 22,900. The equipment would be purchased in December 20x4 and placed into service on January 1, 20x5. It would have a five-year economic life and would be treated as three-year property under MACRS. This equipment is expected to have a salvage value of 12,000 at the end of its economic life in 20x9. The new equipment would be more efficient than the old equipment, resulting in a 25 percent reduction in both direct materials and variable overhead. The savings in direct materials would result in an additional one-time decrease in working capital requirements of 2,500, resulting from a reduction in direct material inventories. This working capital reduction would be recognized at the time of equipment acquisition. The old equipment is fully depreciated and is not included in the fixed overhead. The old equipment from the plant can be sold for a salvage amount of 1,500. Rather than replace the equipment, one of Jonfrans production managers has suggested that the waste containers be purchased. One supplier has quoted a price of 27 per container. This price is 8 less than Jonfrans current manufacturing cost, which is as follows: Jonfran uses a plantwide fixed overhead rate in its operations. If the waste containers are purchased outside, the salary and benefits of one supervisor, included in fixed overhead at 45,000, would be eliminated. There would be no other changes in the other cash and noncash items included in fixed overhead except depreciation on the new equipment. Jonfran is subject to a 40 percent tax rate. Management assumes that all cash flows occur at the end of the year and uses a 12 percent after-tax discount rate. Required: 1. Prepare a schedule of cash flows for the make alternative. Calculate the NPV of the make alternative. 2. Prepare a schedule of cash flows for the buy alternative. Calculate the NPV of the buy alternative. 3. Which should Jonfran domake or buy the containers? What qualitative factors should be considered? (CMA adapted)
Dimitri Designs has capacity to produce 30,000 desk chairs per year and is currently selling all 30,000 for $240 each. Country Enterprises has approached Dimitri to buy 800 chairs for $210 each. Dimitris normal variable cost is $165 per chair, including $50 per unit in direct labor per chair. Dimitri can produce the special order on an overtime shift, which means that direct labor would be paid overtime at 150% of the normal pay rate. The annual fixed costs will be unaffected by the special order and the contract will not disrupt any of Dimitris other operations. What will be the impact on profits of accepting the order?
Emerald Island Company is considering building a manufacturing plant in County Kerry. Predicting sales of 100,000 units, Emerald Isle estimates the following expenses: An Irish firm that specializes in marketing will be engaged to sell the manufactured product and will receive a commission of 10% of the sales price. None of the U.S. home office expense will be allocated to the Irish facility. Required: 1. If the unit sales price is 2, how many units must be sold to break even? (Hint: First compute the variable cost per unit.) 2. Calculate the margin of safety ratio. 3. Calculate the contribution margin ratio.
Country Diner currently makes cookies for its boxed lunches. It uses 40,000 cookies annually in the production of the boxed lunches. The costs to make the cookies are: A potential supplier has offered to sell Country Diner the cookies for $0.85 each. If the cookies are purchased, 10% of the fixed overhead could be avoided. If Jason accepts the offer, what will the effect on profit be?
Shelby Industries has a capacity to produce 45.000 oak shelves per year and is currently selling 40,000 shelves for $32 each. Martin Hardwoods has approached Shelby about buying 1,200 shelves for a new project and is willing to pay $26 each. The shelves can be packaged in bulk; this saves Shelby $1.50 per shelf compared to the normal packaging cost. Shelves have a unit variable cost of $27 with fixed costs of $350,000. Because the shelves dont require packaging, the unit variable costs for the special order will drop from $27 per shelf to $25.50 per shelf. Shelby has enough idle capacity to accept the contract. What is the minimum price per shelf that Shelby should accept for this special order?
Assume that if Sunland Water accepts Clifton’s offer, the company can use the freed-up manufacturing facilities to manufacture a new line of growing lights. The company estimates it can sell 86,490 of the new lights each year at a price of $11. Variable costs of the lights are expected to be $8 per unit. The timer unit supervisory and clerical staff would be transferred to this new product line. Calculate the total relevant cost to make the timer units and the net cost if they accept Clifton's offer.
Vista Company manufactures electronic equipment. It currently purchases the special switches used in each of its products from an outside supplier. The supplier charges Vista $1.80 per switch. Vista’s CEO is considering purchasing either machine A or machine B so the company can manufacture its own switches. The projected data are as follows: Machine A Machine B Annual fixed costs $ 141,450 $ 188,325 Variable cost per switch 0.57 0.25 Required: For each machine, what is the minimum number of switches that Vista must make annually for total costs to equal outside purchase cost? What volume level would produce the same total costs regardless of the machine purchased? What is the most profitable alternative for producing 155,000 switches per year and what is the total cost of that alternative
Mighty Safe Fire Alarm is currently buying 57,000 motherboards from MotherBoard, Inc. at a price of $65 per board. Mighty Safe is considering making its own motherboards. The costs to make the motherboards are as follows: direct materials, $28 per unit; direct labor, $10 per unit; and variable factory overhead, $16 per unit. Fixed costs for the plant would increase by $80,000. Which option should be selected and why?
Konica Minolta plans to sell a copier that prints documents on both sides simultaneously, cutting in half the time it takes to complete big commercial jobs. The faster copier is expected to increase profit by $2,500,000 per year, regardless of which of the following rollers the company uses in its copiers. The estimated costs associated with chemically treated vinyl rollers and fiber-impregnated rubber rollers are shown below. Determine which of the roller types should be selected on the basis of an ROR analysis assuming the company’s MARR is 25% per year. Roller Type Treated Impregnated First cost, $1000 −5000 −6500 Annual cost, $1000/year −1000 −650 Salvage value, $1000 100 200 Life, years 5 5
Mighty Safe Fire Alarm is currently buying 61,000 motherboards from MotherBoard, Inc. at a price of $63 per board. Mighty Safe is considering making its own motherboards. The costs to make the motherboards are as follows: direct materials, $34 per unit; direct labor, $11 per unit; and variable factory overhead, $14 per unit. Fixed costs for the plant would increase by $80,000. Which option should be selected and why? a.make, $244,000 increase in profits b.buy, $164,090 more in profits c.buy, $80,000 more in profits d.make, $164,090 increase in profits
Waterways has discovered that a small fitting it now manufactures at a unit cost of $1.00 could be bought elsewhere for $0.81 per unit. Waterways has unit fixed manufacturing costs of $0.20 that cannot be eliminated by buying this unit. Waterways needs 465,000 of these units each year.If Waterways decides to buy rather than produce the small fitting, it can devote the machinery and labor to making a timing unit it now buys from another company. Waterways uses approximately 400 of these units each year. The cost of the unit is $12.33. To aid in the production of this unit, Waterways would need to purchase a new machine at a cost of $2,344, and the unit cost of producing the units would be $9.40. Without considering the possibility of making the timing unit, evaluate whether Waterways should buy or continue to make the small fitting. The company should make the fitting. Incremental cost / (savings) will be 4,650 What is Waterways’ opportunity cost if it chooses to buy the small…
Waterways has discovered that a small fitting it now manufactures at a unit cost of $1.00 could be bought elsewhere for $0.81 per unit. Waterways has unit fixed manufacturing costs of $0.20 that cannot be eliminated by buying this unit. Waterways needs 465,000 of these units each year.If Waterways decides to buy rather than produce the small fitting, it can devote the machinery and labor to making a timing unit it now buys from another company. Waterways uses approximately 400 of these units each year. The cost of the unit is $12.33. To aid in the production of this unit, Waterways would need to purchase a new machine at a cost of $2,344, and the unit cost of producing the units would be $9.40. Without considering the possibility of making the timing unit, evaluate whether Waterways should buy or continue to make the small fitting. The company should (make or buy?) the fitting. Incremental cost / (savings) will be