A meat processing factory's raw effluent has a five-day BOD at 20°C of 1760 mg/1. If the k value is 0.15/day detemine the BOD at two and four days at 20°C.
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- Aluminum pieces inadvertently collect on the filter. a. If left on the filter, will the percent yield of the alum be reported as too high or as too low? Explain. b. If the aluminum pieces are detected on the filter, what steps would be used to remedy the observation? Explain.For a solution with a pH equal to 9.5, express the concentrations of H+ and OH- in units of meq/L and mg/L as CaCO3.A small lake with volume 10,000 m3 has a stream flowing into it with flow rate 100 m3/day and a Toluene concentration of 1.0 mg/m3. A factory discharges 5 m3/day into the lake with Toluene concentration of 10 mg/m3 – they want to increase effluent to 50 mg/m3. Toluene decays at a rate of 0.01/day. Assume steady-state and completely mixed (CSTR). a) How would this increase in discharge concentration change the lake concentration? b) Field studies show that the same lake would be better represented by dividing the lake into two cells. The first cell having a volume of 2,500 m3 and the second with 7,500 m3. How does this affect the estimate of concentration leaving the lake? Compare with one-cell model.Assume the factory continues to discharge at 10 mg/m3 into the first cell.c) Why does modeling the lake as multiple cells impact the final concentration leaving the lake? What do you expect might happen to the final concentration leaving the lake if we modeled it as more cells? How would…
- 3. Table below shows the concentration of dissolve oxygen for a BOD test, diluted by 100. Time (days) Diluted sample DO (mg/L) 7.95 1 3.75 2 3.45 2.75 2.15 1.8 i. Determine BOD5 Given the deoxygenation rate coefficient of 0.15 day-1, determine the ultimate BOD ii. iii. Based on answer from (i), identify class of the water sample based on INWQS guideline and propose suitable usage the water.Please choose the correct answer for each question: 1. Activity of a gas in equilibrium with solution is ______? A. its partial pressure; B.1.0; C. its molar concentration; D. 0.0 2. During a sorption procedure, the substance transferred from the gas or liquid phase to the solid phase is called ______ A. sorbent; B. sorbate; C. partition; D. none of the above 3. When a chemical has a lower KOW, it is more ______ A. hydrophobic; B. hydrophilic; C. more absorbable; D. less absorbable 4. _____ occurs on the adsorbent surface A. Adsorption; B. Sorption; C. Absorption; D. Adsorption and absorption 5. _____ addresses the change in the amount of a substance of interest with time. A. The equilibrium approach; B. The kinetic approach; C. Henry’s Law; D. Freudlich isotherm equationA dose of 100 me/1 of alum is used in coagulating a turbid raw water. Calculate the sum of amount of permanent hardness and precipitate produced in a 1L sample. (Only HCO, alkalinity present.)
- A small lake with volume 10,000 m3 has a stream flowing into it with flow rate 100 m3/day and a Toluene concentration of 1.0 mg/m3. A factory discharges 5 m3/ day into the lake with Toluene concentration of 10 mg/m3 - they want to increase effluent to 50 mg/m3. Toluene decays at a rate of 0.01 day-1. Assume steady-state and completely mixed (CSTR). a) How would this increase in discharge concentration change the lake concentration? Answer: 0.73 mg/m3 before, 1.71 mg/ m3 after b) Field studies show that the same lake would be better represented by dividing the lake into two cells. The first cell having a volume of 2,500m3 and the second with 7,500m3. How does this affect the estimate of concentration leaving the lake? Compare with one- cell model. Assume the factory continues to discharge at 10 mg/m3 into the first cell.Lake Bonaventure is a lake fed by the Saint Croix River. The Acme smeting company discharges the heavy metal nickel into the lake. The easy way to model the concentration of nickel is to assume the lake is well mixed. It isn’t. The lake has a mean depth of 30m, and during the summer a surface epilimnion of 5m develops, which breaks down for the winter. (no calculations are required to answer the questions below) (A) Given what you know about the hydrology of lakes, what differences in concentration would there be if the smelter discharges at the surface or at a depth of 30m? (B) How would concentrations vary in the lake throughout the year? (C) What if you factor in the fact that the flow of the Saint Croix River is less during the winter?The air in the San Francisco Bay Area has a mercury content of 2.1 mg/m3. This concentration should be reported in ppmv. Suppose the temperature is 20 degrees Celsius.
- If tomato Juice is having a pH of 4.1, the hydrogen ion concentration will be A 10.94 x 10-5 mol/L B 9.94 x 10-5 mol/L 8.94 x 10-5 mol/L D 7.94 x 10-5 mol/L c)A drinking water treatment plant wants to compare the efficacy of three different solid coagulants, Alum [Al(OH)3(s)], Lime (CaCO3(s)), and Ferric Chloride (FeCl3(s)), for removing the phosphate (PO43-) level to 1 mg/L. The following are the equilibrium reactions [and the respective equilibrium constants (or solubility products, Ksp)] that result in phosphate removalfor each solid, the second reaction being more relevant in each case: Alum: Al(OH)3(s) ↔ Al3+ + 3OH- AlPO4(s) ↔ Al3+ + PO43- Ksp = 9.84 x 10-21 Lime: CaCO3(s) ↔ Ca2+ + CO32- Ca3(PO4)2(s) ↔ Ca2+ + PO43- Ksp = 1 x10-27 Ferric Chloride: FeCl3 (s) ↔ Fe3+ + 3Cl- Fe(PO4)(s) ↔ Fe3+ + PO43- Ksp = 1x10-26.4 What concentrations of Fe 3+, Al3+, and Ca2+ will be needed to maintain a phosphate concentration of 1 mg/L? What would be the best choice of solid coagulant for the Drinking Water Treatment Plant?…1. A commercial laundry is consdiering constucing an ion exchange process to remove hardness from water used in laundering oerpations. The laundry uses 1000 m³/d of city water with Ca²+ at 4.5 meq/L and Mg²* at 2 meq/L. Their goal is to reduce total hardness (TH) to 1 meq/L. The softening resin has a TH capacity of 60 kg-TH/m³ of media with a recommended hydraulic loading rate of 0.4 m³/(m² min). Renegeration can be accomplihsed using 100 kg NaCl per m³ of ion exchange media in a 15% solution at a hydraulic loading rate of 0.04 m³/(m² min). The exchanger tanks available to the laundrey have a diamter of 1 m. What is the total bypass-water flow rate (m³/d)? What is the total daily resin volume required to soften the water (m³/d)? How many exchanger tanks are required for a one-day operation cycle? What is the resin bed depth (m) in each exchanger tank? What is the daily volume of NaCl regenation solution used per tank (m³/d)? What is the time period required for resin regeneration in…