A gas is confined to a container with a massless piston at the top. (Figure 2) A massless wire is attached to the piston. When an external pressure of 2.03 bar is applied to the wire, the gas compresses from 5.40 to 2.70 L . When the external pressure is increased to 2.53 bar, the gas further compresses from 2.70 to 2.16 L. In a separate experiment with the same initial conditions, a pressure of 2.53 bar was applied to the gas, decreasing its volume from 5.40 to 2.16 L in one step. If the final temperature was the same for both processes, what is the difference betweer q for the two-step process and q for the one-step process in joules? Express vour answer with the appropriate units.

Explain why the plot of PV for CO2 differs from that of an ideal gas.

What is the value of FP for a sample of gas whose temperature is -33.0 C and volume is 0.0250 L? What temperature is required to change the volume to 66.9 cm3?

You have a gas, one of the three known phosphorus-fluorine compounds (PF3, PF3, and P2F4). To find out which, you have decided to measure its molar mass. (a) First, yon determine that the density of the gas is 5.60 g/L at a pressure of 0.971 atm and a temperature of 18.2 C. Calculate the molar mass and identify the compound. (b) To check the results from part (a), you decide to measure the molar mass based on the relative rales of effusion of the unknown gas and CO2. You find that CO2 effuses at a rate of 0.050 mol/min, whereas the unknown phosphorus fluoride effuses at a rate of 0.028 mol/min. Calculate the molar mass of the unknown gas based on these results.

93 The complete combustion of octane can be used as a model for the burning of gasoline: 2C8H18+25O216CO2+18H2O Assuming that this equation provides a reasonable model of the actual combustion process, what volume of air at 1.0 atm and 25°C must be taken into an engine to burn 1 gallon of gasoline? (The partial pressure of oxygen in air is 0.21 atm and the density of liquid octane is 0.70 g/mL.)

What is the value of the ideal gas constant R if the volume is specified in milliliters rather than liters?

Pressures of gases in mixtures are referred to as partial pressures and are additive. 1.00 L of He gas at 0.75 atm is mixed with 2.00 L of Ne gas at 1.5 atm at a temperature of 25.0 C to make a total volume of 3.00 L of a mixture. Assuming no temperature change and that He and Ne can be approximated as ideal gases, what are a the total resulting pressure, b the partial pressures of each component, and c the mole fractions of each gas in the mix?

How would the use of a volatile liquid affect the measurement of a gas using open-ended manometers vs. closed-end manometers?

The compression ratio in an automobile engine is the ratio of the gas pressure at the end of the compression stroke to the pressure in the beginning. Assume that compression occurs at constant temperature. The total volume of the cylinder in an automobile is 350 cm3, and the displacement the reduction in volume during the compression stroke is 309 cm3. What is the compression ratio in that engine?

A four-liter tank is filled with propane gas, C3H8. The mass of the tank filled with gas is 1236 g. The pressure in the tank is 2.68 atm. The temperature in the room is 37C. The propane in the tank is used up under the same conditions of temperature and pressure. What is the mass of the empty tank?