A 21-kg block of iron drops out of the back of a pickup truck traveling at 55 mi/h. The block slides on the horizontal road for 150 m before coming to rest. Assume the block gets 60% of the thermal energy converted from other forms by the friction interaction between the block and the road, and the process happens so quickly that little of the block’s thermal energy escapes as a heat flow to the block’s surroundings. (a) Use the momentum requirement to determine the friction force on the block. The friction force on the block is ___N (b) By how much does the block’s temperature increase? The temperature increases is ___K
Kinetic Theory of Gas
The Kinetic Theory of gases is a classical model of gases, according to which gases are composed of molecules/particles that are in random motion. While undergoing this random motion, kinetic energy in molecules can assume random velocity across all directions. It also says that the constituent particles/molecules undergo elastic collision, which means that the total kinetic energy remains constant before and after the collision. The average kinetic energy of the particles also determines the pressure of the gas.
P-V Diagram
A P-V diagram is a very important tool of the branch of physics known as thermodynamics, which is used to analyze the working and hence the efficiency of thermodynamic engines. As the name suggests, it is used to measure the changes in pressure (P) and volume (V) corresponding to the thermodynamic system under study. The P-V diagram is used as an indicator diagram to control the given thermodynamic system.
A 21-kg block of iron drops out of the back of a pickup truck traveling at 55 mi/h. The block slides on the horizontal road for 150 m before coming to rest. Assume the block gets 60% of the thermal energy converted from other forms by the friction interaction between the block and the road, and the process happens so quickly that little of the block’s thermal energy escapes as a heat flow to the block’s surroundings.
(a) Use the momentum requirement to determine the friction force on the block.
The friction force on the block is ___N
(b) By how much does the block’s temperature increase?
The temperature increases is ___K
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