9. Antitrust laws Cooperation among oligopolies runs counter to the public interest because it leads to underproduction and high prices. In an effort to bring resource allocation closer to the social optimum, public officials attempt to force oligopolies to compete instead of cooperating. Consider the following scenario: Suppose that executives working for two different automobile manufacturers exchange emails in which they discuss jointly increasing prices for their latest hybrid electric SUVs. This illegal communication would violate which of the following laws? The Robinson-Patman Act of 1936 The Clayton Act of 1914 The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 The Celler-Kefauver Act of 1950

QUESTION 13 Consider a market where two firms (1 and 2) produce differentiated goods and compete in prices. The demand for firm 1 is given by D₁(P₁, P2) = 140 - 2p1 + P2 and demand for firm 2's product is D2 (P1, P2) 140 - 2p2 + P1 Both firms have a constant marginal cost of 20. What is the Nash equilibrium price of firm 1? (Only give a full number; if necessary, round to the lower integer; no dollar sign.)

2. Consider the following game: Soapy Inc. and Suddies Inc. are the only producers of soap powder. They collude and agree to share the market equally. If neither firm cheats on the agreement, each makes $1 million profit. If either firm cheats, the cheat makes a profit of $1.5 million, while the complier incurs a loss of $0.5 million. If both cheat, they break even. Neither firm can monitor the other's actions. a) Construct the payoff matrix. b) What is the dominant strategy? c) What is the nash equilibrium for this game?

8. Two firms, the only firms in the market, sell the same product and have the same marginal cost. They realise they would be better off if they didn't compete with each other. They enter an alternating offers bargaining game to decide how they will divide the monopoly profit, n. They have three periods to come to an agreement. If no agreement is reached after three periods, the firms will compete simultaneously in prices. The firms toss a coin to decide who makes the first offer in the bargaining game. Firm 1 wins and decides to go first. Each firm has a discount factor o. a) Draw the game tree. b) What is the subgame perfect equilibrium when o = 0.5? c) What is the equilibrium payoff for each firm? d) Was Firm 1 wise to opt to make the first offer? Explain your answer.

Suppose a duopoly market can be modeled as a prisoner’s dilemma. Which of the following statements is correct? Group of answer choices -At the equilibrium, firms produce less total output than if there was a monopoly. Consumers are better off than with a monopoly. -At the equilibrium, firms produce more total output than if there was a monopoly. Consumers are better off than with a monopoly. -At the equilibrium, firms produce the same total output as if there was a monopoly. Consumers are better off than with a monopoly. -At the equilibrium, firms produce more total output than if there was a monopoly. Consumers are worse off than with a monopoly. -At the equilibrium, firms produce the same total output as if there was a monopoly. Consumers are worse off than with a monopoly. -At the equilibrium, firms produce less total output than if there was a monopoly. Consumers are worse off than with a monopoly.