Model 3: Ionization and FragmentationMost mass spectrometers accelerate a molecule by first turning it into an ion, then using an electric fieldto accelerate it toward the detector.During standard ionization, a molecule loses one electron, the electron that is easiest toremove. The following is a hierarchy of electrons from easiest to hardest to remove:Electron in a lone pair (easiest)Electron that is part of a double bond (pi bond)Electron in a single bond (hardest)Knocking off an electron to make a +1 ion can be a harsh process. This harsh treatment oftenresults in a broken bond, generating two smaller pieces, a +1 ion and a neutral fragment.(Note that only the ion is accelerated and detected.)●7.●Critical Thinking Questions6.If acetone is ionized, which electron is most likely to be knocked off? Replace thiselectron with a + (to indicate the missing electron) on the structure of acetone →The ion you drew above is called the "molecular ion" of acetone. It is identical to the originalmolecule except that it is missing an electron, has a + charge, and can be accelerated by the massspectrometer. What is the weight (in amu) of the molecular ion of acetone? (report only twosignificant figures, e.g., XX amu)Model 4: Mass Spectrum of AcetoneThe mass spectrum of acetone is a tally of the number of ions of each mass (m/z) that hit thedetector when a large number of acetone molecules are run through the mass spectrometer. The peakintensity (peak height) tells you the relative number of ions of that weight that hit the detector.Peak Intensitym/z14.015.026.027.029.038.039.041.042.043.044.058.059.02.923.13.55.73.12.24.22.09.1100.03.463.83.1Relative Intensity100-80-6040-20-MS-IU-70000+10152025+30H||||35m/z40:0:455055+Critical Thinking Questions8. Label the peak due to the "molecular ion" of acetone with [M]* (symbol for a molecular ion).9. What is the peak intensity (relative height) of the [M]* peak in this spectrum?60 10. What is the weight (m/z) and intensity (height) of the most common ion detected during this massspectrometry experiment? (This will be the tallest peak on the mass spectrum.)Memorization Task L2.1: Base Peak vs. Molecular lonWarning! The [M]* peak (molecular ion) is often NOT the same as the base peak (largest peak).The base peak is easy to identify since it is always the largest peak (by convention set to 100).The [M] peak (molecular ion) is easy to identify if you know the structure of the analyte (e.g., acetone).Note: It can be hard to identify the [M] peak on the mass spectrum of an unknown molecule. Much ofthis activity will be devoted to figuring out how to identify the [M]* peak on the MS of an unknown.11. For some spectra, the base peak is the same as the [M]* peak. Is this the case for the spectrum ofacetone shown on the previous page?12. What is the size (in amu) of the neutral fragment that was lost to give the ion responsible for thebase peak at m/z = 43?a.b.C.What combination of atoms weighs the amount you reported above, and whose loss couldaccount for the peak at m/z = 43?Construct an explanation for why the peak at m/z = 43 is calledthe [M-15]* peak.Using the same naming strategy, name the peak on the mass spectrum at m/z = 15.13. The major peaks on a mass spectrum representing ions lighter than the molecular ion are calledfragment peaks. Draw an ion that could account for [M-15]* peak in the mass spectrum of acetone.

Question

Model 3: Ionization and FragmentationMost mass spectrometers accelerate a molecule by first turning it into an ion, then using an electric fieldto accelerate it toward the detector.During standard ionization, a molecule loses one electron, the electron that is easiest toremove. The following is a hierarchy of electrons from easiest to hardest to remove:Electron in a lone pair (easiest)Electron that is part of a double bond (pi bond)Electron in a single bond (hardest)Knocking off an electron to make a +1 ion can be a harsh process. This harsh treatment oftenresults in a broken bond, generating two smaller pieces, a +1 ion and a neutral fragment.(Note that only the ion is accelerated and detected.)●7.●Critical Thinking Questions6.If acetone is ionized, which electron is most likely to be knocked off? Replace thiselectron with a + (to indicate the missing electron) on the structure of acetone →The ion you drew above is called the &#34;molecular ion&#34; of acetone. It is identical to the originalmolecule except that it is missing an electron, has a + charge, and can be accelerated by the massspectrometer. What is the weight (in amu) of the molecular ion of acetone? (report only twosignificant figures, e.g., XX amu)Model 4: Mass Spectrum of AcetoneThe mass spectrum of acetone is a tally of the number of ions of each mass (m/z) that hit thedetector when a large number of acetone molecules are run through the mass spectrometer. The peakintensity (peak height) tells you the relative number of ions of that weight that hit the detector.Peak Intensitym/z14.015.026.027.029.038.039.041.042.043.044.058.059.02.923.13.55.73.12.24.22.09.1100.03.463.83.1Relative Intensity100-80-6040-20-MS-IU-70000+10152025+30H||||35m/z40:0:455055+Critical Thinking Questions8. Label the peak due to the &#34;molecular ion&#34; of acetone with [M]* (symbol for a molecular ion).9. What is the peak intensity (relative height) of the [M]* peak in this spectrum?60 10. What is the weight (m/z) and intensity (height) of the most common ion detected during this massspectrometry experiment? (This will be the tallest peak on the mass spectrum.)Memorization Task L2.1: Base Peak vs. Molecular lonWarning! The [M]* peak (molecular ion) is often NOT the same as the base peak (largest peak).The base peak is easy to identify since it is always the largest peak (by convention set to 100).The [M] peak (molecular ion) is easy to identify if you know the structure of the analyte (e.g., acetone).Note: It can be hard to identify the [M] peak on the mass spectrum of an unknown molecule. Much ofthis activity will be devoted to figuring out how to identify the [M]* peak on the MS of an unknown.11. For some spectra, the base peak is the same as the [M]* peak. Is this the case for the spectrum ofacetone shown on the previous page?12. What is the size (in amu) of the neutral fragment that was lost to give the ion responsible for thebase peak at m/z = 43?a.b.C.What combination of atoms weighs the amount you reported above, and whose loss couldaccount for the peak at m/z = 43?Construct an explanation for why the peak at m/z = 43 is calledthe [M-15]* peak.Using the same naming strategy, name the peak on the mass spectrum at m/z = 15.13. The major peaks on a mass spectrum representing ions lighter than the molecular ion are calledfragment peaks. Draw an ion that could account for [M-15]* peak in the mass spectrum of acetone.

Accepted Answer

Since you have posted multiple questions, according to guidelines I am solving first two which are…