What is the difference between valence and core electrons, and how do they relate to atomic properties such as bonding and reactivity? (keywords: shielding) Explain in DETAIL (3-4 sentences).

2-98 Explain how the ionization energy of atoms changes when proceeding down a group of the Periodic Table and explain why this change occurs.

19 of 44 > © Macmillan Learning In the given three-dimensional molecular structure, the differently colored spheres represent different types of atoms. Write a molecular formula for this molecule. molecular formula: 4 R % 67 68 5 1 SPECIAL xº (g) ΔΣΩ λμπ X₁ X () 6 [] (s) Y (1) (aq) →>>> MacBook Pro The 11 7 U t CLR 8 K →>> 9 Rotate X You 9 Rotate Y ( 0 ☐C □H D Rotate Z 0 Zoom In P O Zoom Out Attempt A Label Atoms C

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Using only the periodic table, predict the most stable ion for Na, Mg, Al, S, Cl, K, Ca, and Ga. Arrange these from largest to smallest radius, and explain why the radius varies as it does. Compare your predictions with figure 3-5.

.)   Know which of the following atoms are electron-negative and which are electron neutral: Sulfur (S) Phosphorus (P) Oxygen (O) Nitrogen (N) Carbon (C) Hydrogen (H)

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O ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE AND CHEMICA... Deciding whether a Lewis... Decide whether these proposed Lewis structures are reasonable. proposed Lewis structure [O=C-H]* :0: : CIC CI: [¤¤-6: 0/5 Is the proposed Lewis structure reasonable? Yes. No, it has the wrong number of valence electrons. The correct number is: 0 No, it has the right number of valence electrons but doesn't satisfy the octet rule. 000 The symbols of the problem atoms are:* Yes. No, it has the wrong number of valence electrons. The correct number is: 0 Alia V No, it has the right number of valence electrons but doesn't satisfy the octet rule. The symbols of the problem atoms are:* Yes. No, it has the wrong number of valence electrons. The correct number is: No, it has the right number of valence electrons but doesn't satisfy the octet rule. The symbols of the problem atoms are:* X Ar If two or more atoms of the same element don't satisfy the octet rule, just enter the chemical symbol as many times as necessary. For example,…

Sodium ethoxide, CH3CH,ONa, contains both ionic and covalent bonds. Draw the Lewis structure of this compound. Explicitly draw all H atoms. Draw cations and anions in separate sketchers. Do not use the square brackets tool in your answer. P opy aste

Mark the following on the spectrum scale and indicate the region of the spectrum (IR, UV, etc) in which each lies. For each, find a more precise value for frequency and wavelength in standard units than you can read from the plot. (1) Bond vibration corresponding to a wavelength: 6.5 um (find E in J) (2) Energy required to break a CH bond: 413 kl/mol (Find A in nm) (3) Energy required to remove an inner electron from a C atom: 308 eV (Find 2 in nm) (4) One of the rotational frequencies of a molecule: 12 GHz 12,000 MHz (2in cmJ (5) lonization energy of hydrogen atom: 13.6 ev (a in nm, E in kF/mol) (6) Frequency of a radio station: 91.7 MHz (Find 2 in m) (7)The energy of the n=4 to n=2 transition in H atom (Find A in nm)