4. DNA, Genes, & Mutations, Alleles - explain in your own words what each term means.

1. If we figured out the amino acid sequence of a peptide, could we use that information to find the gene in a pool of genomic DNA? If we can, how can we ?

20.  Which of the following are molecules of heredity?   all of the choices are possible   single-stranded DNA   double-stranded DNA   single-stranded RNA

7.What type of mutation occurred in the example above (question #6)? Did the polypeptide change? Why or why not?

1. If an organism had a genome made up of 20,000 base pairs, how many bases (As, Ts, Cs, and Gs) does it actually have? If you know that there are 4,000 Ts, how many Cs? As? Gs?

6. In 1928, before DNA was recognized as the hereditary material, F Griffith performed a series of experiments in which he infected the mice with two different strains of pneumonia causing bacteria (S. pneumonia): the S strain was smooth and virulent (caused disease) and the R strain was rough and not virulent (did not cause disease). Your supervisor provides you with three unknown samples of S. pneumonia that were stored by Griffith and labeled as “A", "B" and "C. He then asks you to characterize these samples as virulent and smooth or not virulent and rough. Not knowing what each sample contains, you decide to inject these samples into mice both individually and in combination. You then obtain blood samples from these mice to look for the type of bacteria. You also record whether the mice live or die and tabulate your data as follows. Assuming that each sample contained only one type of bacterial strain in a pure form, what type of S. pneumonia was in samples 'A', 'B' and 'C'?…

4. Mutations are changes to DNA sequences or chemical modifications of those sequences. If DNA were methylated on a select guanine residue, how might this change the DNA sequence? OCH 3 a N H 6-0-Methylguanine NH₂

8. LL gnus have a long lifespan, so they become old gnus. 1l gives normal lifespan. The NN gnus watch the news. nn gnus play videogames instead. Finally, BB gnus drink booze. bb gnus drink water. But all you have to do here is map the genes: a) right order, and include any relevant distances between any linked genes. Draw a map showing which genes are on which chromosomes, in the Phenotype n1 b Number 404 NL B 422 b) what it tells you. What is the formula for the coefficient of coincidence? Or, describe n L B 18 N1b 16 с) Calculate the coefficient of coincidence. n L b 75 N1B 59 n1 B NL b 4 2 Total 1000