30- lacz 20- 10 galE 0- 10 16 20 25 30 40 50 Duration of conjugation (minutes) Time course of an interrupted E. coli conjugation experiment. By extrapolating the data back to the origin, the approximate time of entry of the lacz gene is found to be 16 minutes; that of the gale gene, 25 minutes. Therefore, the distance between these two genes is 9 minutes. % of F" reciplent cels that have recelved the gene during conjugaton
Genetic Recombination
Recombination is crucial to this process because it allows genes to be reassorted into diverse combinations. Genetic recombination is the process of combining genetic components from two different origins into a single unit. In prokaryotes, genetic recombination takes place by the unilateral transfer of deoxyribonucleic acid. It includes transduction, transformation, and conjugation. The genetic exchange occurring between homologous deoxyribonucleic acid sequences (DNA) from two different sources is termed general recombination. For this to happen, an identical sequence of the two recombining molecules is required. The process of genetic exchange which occurs in eukaryotes during sexual reproduction such as meiosis is an example of this type of genetic recombination.
Microbial Genetics
Genes are the functional units of heredity. They transfer characteristic information from parents to the offspring.
Which of these two genes is closer to the origin of transfer?
Transfer of genes in prokaryotes occurs through horizontal transfer mechanisms such as transduction, transformation, and conjugation. Horizontal transfer of bacterial plasmid containing genetic material to similar or different bacterial species leads to genetic recombination.
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