2. Which product would be radioactive if you begin cellular respiration with a tagged Carbon in glucose? Support your answer. CO2

17. Name the type of biomolecules shown below:

2. Draw a graph showing a downhill (spontaneous) reaction, that requires some activation energy to get it going. Then draw and clearly label on the graph b. The activation energy for the reaction (use a bracket to indicate the upper and lower limits) c. The free energy change for the reactions (use a bracket to indicate the upper and lower limits) d. How an enzyme will change the energetics of the reaction. I suggest you use a dotted line for the enzyme.

7. True/False: In the light dependent reaction, water is split by sunlight into electrons, H+ (protons), and Oxygen O True O False

3. Products of the citric acid cycle А. B and BLM 4.2-2 is released as waste. move to the next stage of cellular respiration. A glucose molecule produces C. Energy is released in the form of molecules of molecule of because two molecules of are created from each Copyright 2012 by Nelson Education Ltd.

3. Ehylene glycol, the main ingredient in antifreeze, is an odorless, colorless, sweet tasting water-soluble chemical that, when ingested, is a toxic poison. The treatment for ethylene glycol poisoning involves emergency procedures that include intravenous doses of ethanol for several hours. To understand how this treatment works, you need to know that ethylene glycol is metabolized by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) into four products, and these products are actual toxic agents. If this reaction can be inhibited, then the kidneys will eliminate the ethylene glycol intact before the toxins are produced. Chemist know that ADH has 100x greater affinity for ethanol than for ethylene glycol. Given your new knowledge of enzyme activity and inhibitors, speculate about the mechanism by which ethanol prevents ethylene glycol poisoning. Hint: is a non-competitive inhibitor or competitive inhibitor involved here?

7. Below is a rough rendering of a cell. You should fill in the following: a. Where each of the 4 steps of cellular respiration take place b. What are the carbon products of each step c. What are the energy products of each step (including electron carriers) d. You should highlight or star where cellular respiration would stop if no oxygen was available Cell Membrane

16. The electron carriers NAD+ and FAD— accept electrons from reduced metabolites. accept electrons from acidic metabolites. accept electrons from oxidized metabolites. donate electrons to reduced metabolites. donate electrons to basic metabolites.

Endergonic reactions 000 can drive exergonic reactions have a positive AG are spontaneous have a negative AG

2. What is NAD (NAD+) and NADH? Describe them as if you were a chemist. Why is NAD needed by all cells no matter what type of metabolism they use?