3.Assuming that there are 5 x 1013 cells in the human body and that ATP is turning overat a rate of 10⁹ ATP per minute in each cell, how many watts is the human body consuming (awatt is a joule per second, and there are 4.18 joules/calorie). Assume that hydrolysis of ATPyields 10 kcal/mol.

We have to find out how many watts the human body consuming.

Answered: 3. Assuming that there are 5 x 1013…

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter7: Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 7TYK

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When glucose reacts with ATP to form glucose-6-phosphate: a. the synthesis of glucose-6-phosphate is exergonic. b. ADP is at a higher energy level than ATP. c. glucose-6-phosphate is at a higher energy level than glucose. d. because ATP donates a phosphate to glucose, this is not a coupled reaction. e. the reaction is spontaneous.
2 The free energy-requiring step in the synthesis of ATP is not the formation of ATP from ADP and Pi (ΔG ≈ 0), but the release of tightly bound ATP. Explain why this is not inconsistent with the +30.5 kJ⋅mol-1 free energy of formation of ATP in solution.
1. Assuming that everything that’s needed to make tripalmitin comes from glucose, how many glucose would be used by adipose tissue in the synthesis of 1 mol tripalmitin? 2. How many ATP would be used (net of produced and used)? 3. If an animal absorbs 35 g glucose (MW = 180 g/mol) from drinking a can of pop, how many grams of tripalmitin (MW = 807 g/mol) can be produced from it in adipose tissue? Please provide only typed answer solution no handwritten solution needed allowed
10) The phosphorylation of glucose is an unfavorable reaction, with ΔG°’ = 13.8 kJ/mol. We can couple this to the favorable reaction of ATP hydrolysis to make the overall process favorable. a) Describe how this works. b) If ΔG°’ for ATP hydrolysis = -32.2 kJ/mol, what is the overall ΔG°’ of the reaction?
1. What is the effect of arsenate poisoning on glycolysis. 2. Give an account of the total ATP yield when I molecule of glucose is converted to carbon dioxide and water?
A 70-kg adult human (154 lb) could meet his orher entire energy needs for one day by eating 3 moles ofglucose (540 g). (We do not recommend this.) Each mol-ecule of glucose generates 30 molecules of ATP when it isoxidized to CO2. The concentration of ATP is maintained incells at about 2 mM, and a 70-kg adult has about 25 litersof intracellular fluid. Given that the ATP concentrationremains constant in cells, calculate how many times perday, on average, each ATP molecule in the body is hydro-lyzed and resynthesized.
1. A cell in an active catabolic steady state state needs to maintain A. a high cytosolic (ATP/ADP) and a high cytosolic (NADH/NAD+) ratio. B. a high cytosolic (ATP/ADP) and a low cytosolic (NADH/NAD+) ratio. C. a low cytosolic (ATP/ADP) and a low cytosolic (NADH/NAD+) ratio. D. a low cytosolic (ATP/ADP) and a high cytosolic (NADH/NAD+) ratio.
1) An average middle-aged person weighing 90 kg (200 lb.) contains 15 % body fat stored in adipose tissue. a) Calculate the amount of energy stored as fat in this person in kilojoules, assuming that energy yield from fat is 37 kJ/g. b) If this same amount of energy were stored in hydrated glycogen rather than fat (hydrated glycogen has an energy yield of 6 kJ/g), how much would the person weight in kilograms and in pounds?
1. The food industry often uses catalytic hydrogenation to convert double bonds in the fattyacids of the oil triacylglycerols to -CH 2 -CH 2 -. How does this affect the physical properties of the oils. Whichform provides greater energy upon combustion? Please explain your answers. 2. How is it possible for some molecules to be at equilibrium across a biological membrane andyet not be at the same concentration on both sides? 3. In considering active transport by Na + -K + -ATPase at body temperature (37 o C), 3 Na+ are pumped out of the cell and 2 K + are pumped in for each ATP that is hydrolyzed to ADP + P i . Given that underyour experimental conditions, the DG for ATP hydrolysis is -10 kcal/mol, and that V is -60 mV, and that thepump maintains the internal Na + at 10mM, external Na + at 120 mM, internal K + at 120 mM and external K + at8mM, what is the efficiency of the pump (i.e., what fraction of the energy available from ATP hydrolysis isrequired to drive transport at the…
12. Explain why those biological reactions that have their equilibria shifted towards theproducts have negative values for ΔGo of reactions. Explain how equilibria relates toGibbs free energy.
2. Another common end product, pyruvic acid. Into which metabolic pathway will the body use pyruvic acid as a substrate to produce ATP?
1. The concentration of substrate X is high. What happens to the rate of the enzyme-catalyzed reaction if the concentration of substrate X is reduced? Explain. 2. An enzyme has an optimum pH of 7.2. What is most likely to happen to the activity of the enzyme if the pH drops to 6.2? Explain

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3. Assuming that there are 5 x 1013 cells in the human body and that ATP is turning over at a rate of 10⁹ ATP per minute in each cell, how many watts is the human body consuming (a watt is a joule per second, and there are 4.18 joules/calorie). Assume that hydrolysis of ATP yields 10 kcal/mol.