2. Na+ K+ CI A™ The diagram below shows two electro-neutral solutions separated by a membrane. Other ions were omitted from the diagram. All concentrations are mM. A is a large impermeant anion. A. OUT 100 10 100 0 Assume the membrane becomes equally permeable to K+ and Cl, and is impermeable to all other solutes. The value of the membrane potential then become approximately B. C. D. E. IN 10 100 10 100 0 mV 60 mV (inside negative) 60 mV (inside positive) 90 mV (inside negative) 90 mV (inside positive)

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A Removing water is to osmosis A Adding water is to osmolarity B. Gated channels are to mediated transport B Lipid bilayers are to net flux. C.A 600 mOsm cell is to a 200 mOsm solution. (all nonpenetraing) C 53 molar (H₂0) cell is to a 54 molar (H2O) solution (all nonpenetraing) D Transporters are to simple diffusion. D Voltage-gated channels are to secondary active i transport A Removing water is to concentration A Adding solute is to dilution B. Heat energy is to diffusion B Transporters are to downhill gradients. CA 350 mOsm solution is to an 300 mOsm cell (all) nonpenetraing) C 550 mOsm.cell is to a 550 mOsm solution (all nonpenetraing) D: Channels are to facilitated diffusion D Aquaporins are to membrane potentials A: Adding solute is to molarity as: B: ATP is to active transport as: C: Hypertonicity is to cell size as: D: Pumps are to active transport as: Reser

1. An artificial membrane with a pore size of 24 Angstrom (Å) separates two chambers (X and Y) in glassware containing equal amounts of fluid. a. 2.0 M NaCI is present in chamber X, whereas 5 percent KI is present in chamber Y. (Na diameter: 1.96 Å; Cl diameter: 3.7 Å; KI diameter: 2.8 Á) Y b. The albumin in chamber X is 3%, whereas the potato starch in chamber Y is 2%. (Albumin diameter: 38 Å; Starch: 3O0k -1 million Å)