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15. What is the ultimate source of all variation in and among populations? Genetic mutations that result in viable offspring Factors in the environment that may affect development Diverse habitats O O O Natural selection

15. What is the ultimate source of all variation in and among populations? Genetic mutations that result in viable offspring Factors in the environment that may affect development Diverse habitats O O O Natural selection

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Frequency All changes saved 17. Prior to 1800 in England, the typical moth of the species Biston betularia (peppered moth) had a light pattern. Dark-colored moths were rare. By the late nineteenth century, the light-colored moths were rare, and the moths with dark patterns were abundant. The cause of this change was hypothesized to selective predation by birds (Tutt, 1896). During the Industrial Revolution, soot and other wastes from industrial processes killed tree lichens and darkened tree trunks. Thus, prior to the pollution of the Industrial Revolution, dark moths stood out on light-colored trees and were vulnerable to predators. With the rise of pollution, however, the coloring of moths vulnerable to predators changed to light. Which aspect of Darwin's theory evolution does the story of the peppered moth most clearly illustrate? O The majority of characteristics of organisms are inherited. O There is great variability among members of a population. O There is differential reproduction of individuals with favorable traits. O There is competition for resources in an overbred population. 0.9- 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 19. This graph shows the current frequencies of two genotypes of the same gene: AA and aa. What would most likely happen to the frequencies of A and a if heterozygous individuals were favored by natural selection? This image shows a malformed neuron. Why would this neuron be nonfunctional? 0.4 0₂ 0.2 0.1 0 1. AA 15. What is the ultimate source of all variation in and among populations? O Genetic mutations that result in viable offspring aa O Factors in the environment that may affect development O Diverse habitats O Natural selection 16. What are two examples of vestigial structures? O Butterfly wings and dragonfly wings O Hind leg bones in whales and leaves on some cacti O Gills in fish and parts of the throat in humans O Shark fins and dolphin fins Genotype O Genotype aa will increase in frequency and AA will drop in frequency. O Both AA and as will drop in frequency by the same amount. O Both AA and aa will drop, but aa will drop more. O AA will increase in frequency and as will drop in frequency. 18. Heterozygote advantage is a condition in which heterozygotes are favored by natural selection. How would the value of 2pq likely change if the population was undergoing heterozygote advantage? O It would remain in equilibrium because the value of p and q would remain the same. O It would not remain in equilibrium because the value of 2pq would likely decrease. O It would not remain in equilibrium because the value of 2pq would likely increase. O It would remain in equilibrium because the value of 2pq would remain the same. 20. What are homologous structures? O Physical structures that are used only occasionally O Parallel structures in diverse organisms O Similar structures in diverse organisms O Physical structures that have no apparent function 1. What is the difference between micro- and macroevolution? O Microevolution describes the evolution of small organisms, such as insects, while macroevolution describes the evolution of large organisms, such as people and elephants. O Microevolution describes the evolution of microscopic entities, such as molecules and proteins, while macroevolution describes the evolution of whole organisms. O Microevolution describes the evolution of organisms over their lifetimes, while macroevolution describes the evolution of organisms over multiple generations. O Microevolution describes the evolution of organisms in populations, while macroevolution describes the evolution of species over long periods of time.
Transcribed Image Text:Frequency All changes saved 17. Prior to 1800 in England, the typical moth of the species Biston betularia (peppered moth) had a light pattern. Dark-colored moths were rare. By the late nineteenth century, the light-colored moths were rare, and the moths with dark patterns were abundant. The cause of this change was hypothesized to selective predation by birds (Tutt, 1896). During the Industrial Revolution, soot and other wastes from industrial processes killed tree lichens and darkened tree trunks. Thus, prior to the pollution of the Industrial Revolution, dark moths stood out on light-colored trees and were vulnerable to predators. With the rise of pollution, however, the coloring of moths vulnerable to predators changed to light. Which aspect of Darwin's theory evolution does the story of the peppered moth most clearly illustrate? O The majority of characteristics of organisms are inherited. O There is great variability among members of a population. O There is differential reproduction of individuals with favorable traits. O There is competition for resources in an overbred population. 0.9- 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 19. This graph shows the current frequencies of two genotypes of the same gene: AA and aa. What would most likely happen to the frequencies of A and a if heterozygous individuals were favored by natural selection? This image shows a malformed neuron. Why would this neuron be nonfunctional? 0.4 0₂ 0.2 0.1 0 1. AA 15. What is the ultimate source of all variation in and among populations? O Genetic mutations that result in viable offspring aa O Factors in the environment that may affect development O Diverse habitats O Natural selection 16. What are two examples of vestigial structures? O Butterfly wings and dragonfly wings O Hind leg bones in whales and leaves on some cacti O Gills in fish and parts of the throat in humans O Shark fins and dolphin fins Genotype O Genotype aa will increase in frequency and AA will drop in frequency. O Both AA and as will drop in frequency by the same amount. O Both AA and aa will drop, but aa will drop more. O AA will increase in frequency and as will drop in frequency. 18. Heterozygote advantage is a condition in which heterozygotes are favored by natural selection. How would the value of 2pq likely change if the population was undergoing heterozygote advantage? O It would remain in equilibrium because the value of p and q would remain the same. O It would not remain in equilibrium because the value of 2pq would likely decrease. O It would not remain in equilibrium because the value of 2pq would likely increase. O It would remain in equilibrium because the value of 2pq would remain the same. 20. What are homologous structures? O Physical structures that are used only occasionally O Parallel structures in diverse organisms O Similar structures in diverse organisms O Physical structures that have no apparent function 1. What is the difference between micro- and macroevolution? O Microevolution describes the evolution of small organisms, such as insects, while macroevolution describes the evolution of large organisms, such as people and elephants. O Microevolution describes the evolution of microscopic entities, such as molecules and proteins, while macroevolution describes the evolution of whole organisms. O Microevolution describes the evolution of organisms over their lifetimes, while macroevolution describes the evolution of organisms over multiple generations. O Microevolution describes the evolution of organisms in populations, while macroevolution describes the evolution of species over long periods of time.
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