Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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**Understanding Genetic Inheritance Patterns**

**4. Genetic Study of Trait Inheritance**

You have been studying a trait that seems to be present in every generation within a particular family. Further, you have observed that every affected offspring has at least one affected parent in any particular generation.

a) Is this trait more likely due to a dominant or recessive allele?

b) Interestingly, this allele is completely penetrant in the homozygous state while only 75% penetrant in the heterozygous condition. If two heterozygous individuals who carry this allele are mated, what is the expected proportion of affected progeny?

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**Explanation:**

- **Dominant vs. Recessive Alleles:**
  - The trait appears in every generation, which suggests a dominant allele pattern.

- **Penetrance:**
  - The allele shows complete penetrance in homozygous individuals and partial penetrance (75%) in heterozygous individuals.

- **Progeny Analysis:**
  - When two heterozygous individuals mate, the expected proportion of affected progeny needs to be calculated considering the penetrance levels.

This pattern can be represented using a Punnett square, which helps in understanding the expected genetic outcome when two carriers mate.

---
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Transcribed Image Text:--- **Understanding Genetic Inheritance Patterns** **4. Genetic Study of Trait Inheritance** You have been studying a trait that seems to be present in every generation within a particular family. Further, you have observed that every affected offspring has at least one affected parent in any particular generation. a) Is this trait more likely due to a dominant or recessive allele? b) Interestingly, this allele is completely penetrant in the homozygous state while only 75% penetrant in the heterozygous condition. If two heterozygous individuals who carry this allele are mated, what is the expected proportion of affected progeny? --- **Explanation:** - **Dominant vs. Recessive Alleles:** - The trait appears in every generation, which suggests a dominant allele pattern. - **Penetrance:** - The allele shows complete penetrance in homozygous individuals and partial penetrance (75%) in heterozygous individuals. - **Progeny Analysis:** - When two heterozygous individuals mate, the expected proportion of affected progeny needs to be calculated considering the penetrance levels. This pattern can be represented using a Punnett square, which helps in understanding the expected genetic outcome when two carriers mate. ---
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