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A gas is confined in a cylinder with a diameter of 0.47 m by a piston, on which a counterweight rests. Together, the piston and the counterweight have a mass of 150 kg. The local gravitational acceleration is 9.813 m/s^2, and the atmospheric pressure is 101.57 kPa.
a. What is the force in newtons exerted on the gas by the atmosphere, piston, and counterweight, assuming there is no friction between the piston and the cylinder? Answer: F = 1.91 x 10^4 N.
b. What is the gas pressure in kPa? Answer: Pabs = 110.054 kPa.
c. If the gas in the cylinder is heated, it expands, pushing the piston and counterweight upward. If the piston and counterweight are lifted by 0.83 m, what is the work done by the gas in kJ? What is the change in potential energy of the piston and counterweight? Answer: w = 15.848 kJ, and ΔEp = 1.222 kJ.
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